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Incident Management Procedure Template (ISO/IEC 20000-1)

Incident procedure: logging, categories, impact and urgency priority matrix, targets, escalation, major and security incidents, closure, measures

OperacionesCompletaISO/IEC 20000-1:2018 + Amd 1:2024 (cl. 8.6.1)incidentmanagementprocedure

Cómo usar: Use it to define how a service desk handles every IT incident, alongside the SRE severity matrix for major incidents. Fill the priority matrix and targets from your signed SLAs first. The main pitfall is measuring tickets closed rather than service restored, so track first-contact resolution and reopen rates.

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Incident Management Procedure: [Organisation or service desk name]

Service desk procedure for IT incidents, from detection to closure: what counts as an incident, logging and minimum record content, categorisation, priority from impact and urgency, response and resolution targets, functional and hierarchical escalation, the hand-off to major incident response, communication, resolution, closure and the quality checks that keep the records useful. Structure aligned with ISO/IEC 20000-1:2018 with Amendment 1:2024 (the current edition as of October 2026), clause 8.6.1 incident management, with links to clauses 8.6.2 service request management, 8.6.3 problem management, 8.3.3 service level management and 9.4 service reporting. This procedure complements the SRE-oriented Incident Severity Matrix (ops/incident-severity-matrix), which stays the single source of truth for severity levels and major incident response. Replace every [bracketed] value and every row marked Example.

Document control

FieldValue
Document ID[PROC-ITSM-INC]
Version[1.0]
Status[Draft / In review / Approved / Retired]
Owner (incident management process owner)[@process-owner]
Approvers/reviewers[@head-of-service-management], [@service-desk-lead], [@security-lead]
Applies to[Services, sites and teams in scope] Example: All services in the Corvid Commerce service catalogue, all resolver groups and suppliers
Tooling[Service management tool name]
Effective dateYYYY-MM-DD
Next reviewYYYY-MM-DD (at least yearly, or after a major incident review that changes this procedure)
Last updatedYYYY-MM-DD
Classification[Internal]

Approvals

RoleNameDate
Process owner[@name]YYYY-MM-DD
Head of service management[@name]YYYY-MM-DD
Security lead[@name]YYYY-MM-DD

Revision history

VersionDateAuthorChange summary
0.1YYYY-MM-DD[@name]First draft
1.0YYYY-MM-DD[@name]Example: Approved; priority matrix aligned with SLA version 3
1.1YYYY-MM-DD[@name]Example: Added rule to open a problem after the second matching incident within 90 days

Contents

1. Purpose, scope and definitions

Purpose. Restore normal service as quickly as possible after an unplanned interruption or quality reduction, keep users informed, and record enough information for problem management and service reporting.

Scope. All services in the service catalogue (compliance/iso-20000-service-catalog), all users and customers who can contact the service desk, all resolver groups and every supplier that resolves incidents on [Organisation]'s behalf.

TermMeaning in this procedure
IncidentAn unplanned interruption to a service, a reduction in its quality, or an event that has not yet affected users but will if no action is taken (for example, loss of redundancy)
Service requestA user request for something standard: information, access, a standard change or a supplied item. Handled under the service request procedure, not here
Major incidentAn incident that meets SEV1 or SEV2 criteria in ops/incident-severity-matrix
WorkaroundA way to reduce or remove the impact of an incident without removing its cause
Resolver groupA team that diagnoses and resolves incidents in a defined area
Known errorA problem with a documented cause or symptom pattern and workaround (see ops/problem-record)

Out of scope: [list] Example: Physical security events and safety incidents (handled by facilities), product feature requests (handled by product management).

2. Roles and responsibilities

RoleResponsibilities
Process ownerOwns this procedure, its measures and its yearly review; chairs the monthly incident quality review
Service desk analyst (first line)Logs, categorises and prioritises; applies known workarounds; resolves at first contact where possible; keeps the user informed; confirms closure
Incident ownerThe service desk analyst who logged the incident, or the duty lead; stays accountable until closure, even when the work sits with a resolver group
Resolver group (second and third line)Diagnoses, applies fixes or workarounds, records what was done, returns the incident to the service desk for user confirmation
Duty managerReceives hierarchical escalations, removes blockers, approves priority overrides, decides when to call a major incident
Incident commanderLeads major incidents as defined in ops/incident-commander-handbook
SupplierResolves incidents on supplied components within contracted targets; reports status at agreed intervals
Problem managerReceives problem candidates from incident trends (section 11)

RACI for key activities

ActivityService deskResolver groupDuty managerProcess owner
Log and categoriseR, ACII
Set and change priorityRCA (overrides)I
Functional escalationR, ARII
Hierarchical escalationRRAI
ResolveRRII
Confirm closure with userR, AIII
Monthly quality reviewCCCR, A

3. Process overview

The flow below shows the path of every incident. Service requests leave the flow at the first decision; major incidents leave the normal queue and return to it for resolution and closure, so the service desk keeps one record from start to end.

4. Detection, logging and categorisation

4.1 Sources

SourceLogged byNotes (Example)
Phone, chat, portal, emailService desk, or user via portalPortal form asks for service, symptom and business impact
Monitoring alertEvent integration creates the incident automaticallyOnly alerts marked "incident" in the Alerting Policy (ops/alerting-policy) create incidents
Supplier notificationService deskLinked to the supplier's own reference
Internal staff noticing a faultAnyone, via portalSame rules as users

4.2 Minimum record content

FieldRequired at loggingExample (Example)
Incident IDYes (generated)INC-3125
Reported by and contactYesStore operations lead, chat
Date and time reportedYes (generated)2026-08-21 08:31 UTC
Affected service and configuration itemYesOnline checkout (SVC-CHK), checkout-api (CI-APP-0201)
Symptom description in the user's wordsYes"Customers cannot pay; page spins then errors"
Category and subcategoryYesApplication / Availability
Impact, urgency, priorityYesHigh, High, P1
Assigned group and personYesCheckout resolver group
Linked recordsWhen knownPRB-0042; KE-0019 once published
Work log entriesThroughoutTime-stamped actions and results
Resolution code and descriptionAt resolutionWorkaround applied

4.3 Category tree (Example)

CategorySubcategories
ApplicationAvailability, Performance, Functional error, Data error, Integration
InfrastructureCompute, Storage, Network, Database, Cloud service
End-user computingLaptop, Mobile device, Printer, Peripheral
Identity and accessSign-in failure, Account locked, Multi-factor issue
Security eventSuspected phishing, Malware alert, Suspected data exposure (route per section 8.2)

Rule: categorise by the symptom at logging and record the confirmed cause category at resolution. Reports use both; the difference shows where first-line diagnosis needs training.

5. Priority

5.1 Impact

LevelDefinition (Example)
HighA whole service or a revenue-bearing journey is unavailable or badly degraded, or many users (more than [100]) or a whole site is affected
MediumPart of a service is degraded, or one team or department is affected, or a single user who cannot do critical work
LowOne user or a few users with minor inconvenience; normal work can continue

5.2 Urgency

LevelDefinition (Example)
HighNo workaround, and the impact grows quickly or a business deadline is at risk within hours
MediumA workaround exists but is costly, or the impact will grow within a business day
LowA reasonable workaround exists, or the work can wait without growing harm

5.3 Priority matrix

Impact / UrgencyHigh urgencyMedium urgencyLow urgency
High impactP1P2P3
Medium impactP2P3P4
Low impactP3P4P4

Overrides: the duty manager may raise or lower the calculated priority by one level and must record the reason. Priority is reassessed whenever impact or urgency changes, and every change is logged with the time and reason so that target measurement uses the right clock (section 6).

6. Response and resolution targets

PriorityResponse target (assigned and first contact)Resolution targetClockUpdate to userHierarchical escalation at
P1 (Example)15 minutes4 hours24x7Every 30 minutesImmediately to duty manager; head of service at 2 h (50%) and 3 h (75%)
P2 (Example)30 minutes8 business hoursBusiness hours, [09:00 to 17:00 local time, Monday to Friday], 8 business hours a dayEvery 2 hoursDuty manager at 4 h (50%) and 6 h (75%)
P3 (Example)4 business hours3 business days (24 business hours)Business hoursDailyResolver group lead at 12 business hours (50%), duty manager at 18 (75%)
P4 (Example)1 business day10 business daysBusiness hoursOn change of statusResolver group lead at 40 business hours (50%)

Clock rules (Example):

  • The response clock starts when the incident is logged and stops when it is assigned to a named person who has contacted the user.
  • The resolution clock pauses only while the incident is in status "Awaiting user" and only after two documented contact attempts; it restarts automatically after [3] business days and the incident is then closed with the user informed.
  • A priority change restarts measurement against the new target from the time of the change, and the report shows both values.

7. Investigation, diagnosis and escalation

7.1 First-line diagnosis

  1. Search the known error database and recent incidents for the same configuration item.
  2. Check service status, recent changes on the affected configuration item and open maintenance windows (ops/maintenance-notice).
  3. Apply the documented workaround or first-line runbook if one matches.
  4. If not resolved within the first-line time box ([20] minutes for P3 and P4, [5] minutes for P1 and P2), escalate.

7.2 Functional escalation

FromToTriggerHand-off content
Service desk (first line)Resolver group (second line)Time box reached, or no runbook matchesSymptom, steps tried, results, user availability
Resolver groupSpecialist team or architect (third line)Diagnosis needs deep product or code knowledgeDiagnosis so far, logs and evidence references
Any lineSupplierFault is in a supplied componentSupplier contract ID, configuration item, evidence; record the supplier reference

Rules: a resolver group that receives a misrouted incident reassigns it within [30] minutes with a note; it does not send it back to the service desk without a suggestion. Three reassignments trigger a duty manager review.

7.3 Hierarchical escalation

Hierarchical escalation follows the thresholds in section 6 and also happens when: a supplier misses a contracted target, resources are blocked by another team, the user requests it with a business reason, or the incident may breach a contractual or regulatory obligation. The duty manager records the decision and any action in the work log.

8. Major incidents and security incidents

8.1 Major incidents

When an incident meets SEV1 or SEV2 criteria in ops/incident-severity-matrix, the duty manager or on-call engineer declares a major incident. From that moment:

ItemRule
CommandAn incident commander takes over coordination as defined in ops/incident-commander-handbook; the service desk keeps the incident record and user contact
PriorityThe incident is set to P1, or P2 for SEV2 where impact is limited, with "Major" flag
CommunicationExternal updates follow dev/incident-communication; the service desk uses the published statement only
Child incidentsUsers reporting the same symptom are logged as child incidents linked to the major incident and closed with it
ReviewA postmortem (dev/postmortem) and a problem record (ops/problem-record) are mandatory

8.2 Security incidents and personal data

If a security event is suspected (phishing, malware, unauthorised access, suspected data exposure), the analyst follows the security triage steps, preserves evidence, and routes the incident to the security team without attempting containment beyond the documented first steps. The security team decides whether a security incident is declared and records it in a Security Incident Report (security/security-incident-report). If personal data may be involved, the data protection team starts a Personal Data Breach Assessment (compliance/personal-data-breach-assessment) at once, because legal notification clocks can be short. This procedure does not set legal timelines: check the current official text of the laws that apply to you with a qualified professional.

9. Communication with users

StageMessage content (Example)Channel
LoggedIncident ID, what was understood, priority, next update timePortal and email
EscalatedWho is working on it now, next update timePortal
Waiting for userWhat is needed, by when, what happens if no replyPortal and email
ResolvedWhat was done, how to check, how to reopenPortal and email
ClosedConfirmation, link to satisfaction surveyPortal

For major incidents, the status page and any customer messages follow dev/incident-communication; the service desk links individual incidents to the published update.

10. Resolution, closure and reopening

StepRule (Example)
ResolutionResolver records what was done, resolution code, cause category and any linked known error or change
ConfirmationService desk contacts the user; if confirmed, the incident is closed
Auto-closureIf the user does not respond within [3] business days after two contact attempts, the incident closes automatically
Record checkBefore closure, analyst checks category, configuration item, priority history and work log are complete
ReopenUser may reopen within [5] business days if the same symptom returns; after that a new incident is logged and linked
Resolution codeUse when
Resolved, fix appliedThe cause was removed at incident level, for example a replaced disk
Resolved, workaround appliedService restored, cause remains; link known error or open problem
Resolved by changeEmergency or normal change applied; link the change
No fault foundCould not reproduce, user confirms service normal
DuplicateLinked to the parent incident
Not an incidentReclassified as a service request or out of scope

11. Links to problem, change and configuration management

LinkTrigger (Example)Owner
Open a problemEvery major incident; the second incident with the same symptom on the same configuration item within 90 days; any incident resolved by workaround without a known errorProblem manager
Link a known errorIncident matches every matching symptom of a published known errorService desk
Raise a changeResolution needs a change to a configuration item; emergency changes follow the emergency path in ops/change-enablement-policyResolver group
Configuration dataIncident shows a CMDB record is wrong or missing; raise a data correction task as defined in ops/cmdb-data-modelConfiguration manager

12. Measures, reporting and quality checks

IDMeasureFormulaTarget (Example)
IM-01Response target metincidents meeting response target / incidents closed95%
IM-02Resolution target metincidents meeting resolution target / incidents closed90%
IM-03First contact resolutionincidents resolved by first line at first contact / incidents logged by the service desk60%
IM-04Reopen rateincidents reopened / incidents closedbelow 3%
IM-05Reassignment countaverage reassignments per incidentbelow 1.5
IM-06Incidents linked to known errorsincidents linked to a known error / incidents closedTrend only
IM-07Record quality scoresampled records passing all checks / records sampled95%

Monthly quality review: the process owner samples [20] closed incidents across priorities and checks category, priority history, work log, resolution code and user confirmation. Findings and trends are reported in the Service Review Report (ops/service-review-report).

13. Standards mapping and references

Section of this procedureISO/IEC 20000-1:2018 clauseTopic (short original label)
1, 4 Scope, logging, categorisation8.6.1 Incident managementRecord and classify incidents
5, 6 Priority and targets8.6.1, 8.3.3 Service level managementPrioritise against impact, urgency and agreed targets
7 Escalation8.6.1Escalate when needed
8 Major and security incidents8.6.1, 8.7.3 Information security managementHandle major and security incidents by documented procedure
1 Service requests excluded8.6.2 Service request managementHandle requests separately
11 Problems, changes, configuration8.6.3 Problem management, 8.5.1 Change management, 8.2.6 Configuration managementFeed other processes
2, 7 Suppliers8.3.4 Supplier managementControl suppliers in incident resolution
12 Measures and reporting9.1 Monitoring and measurement, 9.4 Service reportingMeasure and report
ReferenceVersion or date checkedUse
ISO/IEC 20000-1:2018, Information technology, Service management, Part 1: Service management system requirements, with Amd 1:2024Current edition as of October 2026 (no newer edition found)Clause numbers above
ITIL, PeopleCertITIL 4 available; ITIL (Version 5) released in phases from 2026; checked 2026-10-30Practice name "incident management" and the impact and urgency approach, by name only

Standard and licence note

Structure aligned with ISO/IEC 20000-1:2018 with Amendment 1:2024, clause 8.6.1 incident management and the related clauses listed in section 13. ISO/IEC 20000-1 is a copyrighted standard: this template cites clause numbers with short original labels only; no text, table or definition is copied. Official text: ISO, purchase or licensed access: https://www.iso.org/standard/70636.html, also sold by national standards bodies. The practice name incident management follows common ITIL usage and is cited by name only; ITIL is published by PeopleCert (https://www.peoplecert.org/news-and-announcements/itil-version-5-explained) and is a registered trademark of the PeopleCert group. The priority matrix, targets, thresholds and worked examples are illustrative, not taken from any standard or law. This procedure is not legal advice: notification duties for security and personal data incidents depend on the laws that apply to you; check the current official text and a qualified professional. All text is original, written for this collection. Check the current edition of any standard you certify against. Template licence: MIT.

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