Markdown Editor

Material Controls Declaration Template (UK Code Provision 29)

UK Code Provision 29 working paper: material control criteria, inventory, assurance map, monitoring, year-end rating, ineffective controls, disclosure

ISO & ConformitéCompletUK Corporate Governance Code 2024, Provision 29 (names only); GAO Green Book 2025materialcontrolsdeclaration

Mode d'emploi: Use it when a company applying the UK Corporate Governance Code 2024 prepares the board's declaration on material controls, first for years beginning on or after 2026-01-01. Fill the board's criteria for material controls first, then the inventory and assurance map, and plan testing back from the balance sheet date. The main pitfall is treating it as a financial reporting exercise only and leaving out operational, compliance and reporting controls.

Aperçu

Material Controls Declaration Working Paper: [Company name], [Financial year]

Board working paper that supports the annual statement on the risk management and internal control framework and the declaration on the effectiveness of material controls under the UK Corporate Governance Code 2024, Provision 29, which applies to financial years beginning on or after 2026-01-01 (the rest of the 2024 Code applies from years beginning on or after 2025-01-01). It covers the framework description, how the board defines material controls, the inventory of material controls, sources of assurance, monitoring through the year, the assessment at the balance sheet date, controls that did not operate effectively, and the draft annual report wording. The FRC Code and its Guidance are cited by name and provision number only; the GAO Green Book 2025 (US public domain) is used as the reference model for internal control components, and COSO is named only. Replace every [bracketed] value and every row marked Example. This is a document format, not legal, audit or accounting advice. Obtain the Code and its Guidance for the normative text.

Document control

FieldValue
Document ID[GOV-P29-2026]
Company[Legal name] (Example: Corvid Commerce Group plc)
Financial year[YYYY-MM-DD to YYYY-MM-DD] (Example: 2026-01-01 to 2026-12-31)
Balance sheet date (declaration date)[YYYY-MM-DD] (Example: 2026-12-31)
Code editionUK Corporate Governance Code 2024 (Provision 29 from years beginning on or after 2026-01-01)
First year of Provision 29[Yes / No]
Framework reference[Internal control framework name] (Example: GAO Green Book 2025 component model; COSO named for comparison)
Version[1.0]
Status[Draft / Reviewed by committee / Approved by board]
Owner[@company-secretary] with [@head-of-risk]
Approvers/reviewers[@audit-committee-chair], [@risk-committee-chair], [@cfo], [@head-of-internal-audit]
Last updatedYYYY-MM-DD
ClassificationBoard confidential
Related documents[Principal risks register], [Control deficiency evaluations], [Internal audit annual opinion], [Audit committee report]

Approvals

RoleNameDecisionDate
Audit committee[Meeting reference][Recommend to board / Return]YYYY-MM-DD
Risk committee (if separate)[Meeting reference][Recommend / Return]YYYY-MM-DD
Board[Meeting reference][Approve statement and declaration]YYYY-MM-DD

Revision history

VersionDateAuthorChange
0.1YYYY-MM-DD[@name]Criteria and draft inventory for board approval
0.5YYYY-MM-DD[@name]Half-year monitoring results
1.0YYYY-MM-DD[@name]Year-end assessment and draft disclosure
1.12026-10-25[@name]Updated to Corvid's Form 20-F status, RCM control IDs, the FY2026 deficiency register (AGG-01) and internal audit coverage of revenue

Contents

1. Purpose, scope and basis

This working paper supports the board's annual report statement on how it has monitored and reviewed the company's risk management and internal control framework, and its declaration on whether the material controls were effective at the balance sheet date. The Code works on a comply or explain basis: a company that does not follow Provision 29 explains why in its corporate governance statement. This file assumes the company intends to comply.

Scope is the group as a whole. A control at a subsidiary, a shared service centre or an outsourced provider is in scope when it is a material control for the group.

ItemPosition as of 2026-10 (check the current Code and listing rules)
Who applies the CodeCompanies whose equity shares are listed in the commercial companies category (and certain other categories) under the UK Listing Rules, and others that choose to apply it; check the current listing rules
Code editionUK Corporate Governance Code 2024
Provision 29 effectiveFinancial years beginning on or after 2026-01-01
Rest of the 2024 Code effectiveFinancial years beginning on or after 2025-01-01
First annual reports with the declarationCalendar-year companies: annual reports for FY2026, published in 2027
External assurance on the declarationNot required by the Code itself; the board decides whether to seek assurance
Supporting guidanceFRC Corporate Governance Code Guidance (name only; obtain the current version)

Other regimes the group may also be under:

RegimeRelationship to this paper
US SOX sections 302 and 404, SEC Item 308 or Form 20-F Item 15 (dual-listed groups; Corvid: yes, Form 20-F)Covers financial reporting controls only, with defined severity levels. Reuse the testing; do not assume it covers operational or compliance material controls
EU or UK sector rules (banking, insurance, payments)Supervisors may already require internal control reports; map them into section 6 as sources of assurance
GAO Green Book 2025US federal standard; used here only as a public-domain reference for internal control components

Example: Corvid Commerce Group plc applies the Code and is also an SEC foreign private issuer (Form 20-F) subject to SOX 404, so its ICFR assessment (compliance/icfr-management-assessment) supplies the evidence for the financial reporting material controls. The severity scale for financial reporting deficiencies is the SEC scale, documented in compliance/control-deficiency-evaluation, and the board reads the same ratings in both reports.

2. Governance and responsibilities

The board owns the framework and the declaration. Committees review in depth and recommend; management designs, operates and self-assesses the controls; internal audit gives independent assurance.

ActivityBoardAudit committeeRisk committeeCFO / financeChief risk officerInternal auditControl owners
Approve criteria for material controlsARCCRCI
Approve the inventory of material controlsARRCRCI
Design and operate controlsIIIR (finance)R (risk)IR
Self-assessment and certificationIIIRRCR
Independent testing and annual opinionIAIIIRC
Year-end assessment and draft disclosureARRRRCC
Approve the annual report statementACCCCII

R = responsible, A = accountable, C = consulted, I = informed.

The audit committee's terms of reference should state its role in reviewing the internal control and risk management systems (UK Code Provision 25) and in reviewing this working paper before the board meeting. Where a separate risk committee oversees operational and compliance risk, split the inventory review between the two committees by control category and record the split in section 5.

3. Risk management and internal control framework

Describe the framework the board monitors. Keep the description factual and short enough to reuse in the annual report.

Component (Green Book 2025 component name)How it works at the companyEvidence
Control environment[Code of conduct, board oversight, organisation, competence, accountability][Policies, board minutes]
Risk assessment[Principal and emerging risk process, fraud risk assessment, change assessment][Risk register, fraud risk assessment]
Control activities[Process controls, IT general controls, policies and procedures][Risk and control matrices]
Information and communication[Management reporting, whistleblowing channel, external reporting controls][Reporting calendar, speak-up reports]
Monitoring[Self-assessment, second-line reviews, internal audit, deficiency tracking][Monitoring calendar, internal audit opinion]

Example: Corvid describes its framework as five components that follow the public-domain Green Book 2025 model, which is structurally aligned with the COSO Internal Control framework the external auditor refers to. Principal risks are reviewed quarterly by the risk committee; each principal risk names the key controls that mitigate it; material controls are a subset of those key controls.

The link to principal risks is the backbone of the declaration. A material control that does not mitigate any principal risk is a sign that either the risk register or the inventory is incomplete. The reverse also matters: a principal risk with no material control needs an explanation (for example, the risk is accepted, transferred or managed by strategic choices rather than controls).

4. How the board defines material controls

Write the criteria the board approved. Each criterion should be testable: a reviewer must be able to say whether a given control meets it.

Criterion IDCriterion (company wording)Example threshold or test
CRIT-01Failure could cause a material misstatement in the published financial statementsPotential misstatement at or above group overall materiality (Example: EUR 700k)
CRIT-02Failure could threaten the viability or continuity of the business modelOutage, loss or event that would breach the going concern or viability scenarios
CRIT-03Failure could lead to a serious breach of law or regulationFines, licence loss, or personal liability for directors
CRIT-04Failure could cause severe harm to customers, employees or the publicLarge-scale personal data breach, safety incident
CRIT-05The control mitigates a principal risk and no other control reduces that risk to within appetiteSingle point of failure in the principal risk register
CRIT-06Failure would materially damage the integrity of reporting to investors other than the financial statements (for example sustainability metrics or alternative performance measures)Restatement of a published KPI

Record how the criteria were applied:

  1. Start from every key control linked to a principal risk.
  2. Apply CRIT-01 to CRIT-06; a control meeting at least one is a candidate.
  3. Group candidates that work together into a single material control where they share an objective (for example "user access to financial systems" rather than twelve separate access controls).
  4. Challenge the list with internal audit and the executive committee.
  5. Present the list to the committees and the board for approval.

Example: Corvid's board approved six criteria in March 2026, applied them to 146 key controls (the 46 ICFR key controls in the risk and control matrix plus 100 operational and compliance key controls in the group control library), and approved 12 material controls (some grouped from several key controls). The board confirmed that operational and compliance controls (cyber, data protection, supplier continuity) are included alongside financial reporting controls.

5. Material controls inventory

MC IDMaterial control (objective)CategoryCriteria metPrincipal riskUnderlying key controlsOwnerOverseeing committee
MC-001 (Example)Group consolidation and financial statement close is complete and accurateFinancial reportingCRIT-01PR-04 Financial reportingCTL-R2R-010 to CTL-R2R-014, ELC-006, ELC-008[@group-financial-controller]Audit
MC-002 (Example)Manual journals are authorised and reviewed before postingFinancial reportingCRIT-01PR-04CTL-R2R-002[@group-financial-controller]Audit
MC-003 (Example)Subscription revenue and deferred revenue are recognised in the right period and amountFinancial reportingCRIT-01, CRIT-05PR-04CTL-REV-001 to CTL-REV-004, CTL-REV-007, CTL-REV-008[@head-of-revenue-accounting]Audit
MC-004 (Example)Payments are made only to approved suppliers with verified bank detailsFinancial and fraudCRIT-01, CRIT-03PR-07 FraudCTL-P2P-002, CTL-P2P-006[@head-of-shared-services]Audit
MC-005 (Example)Treasury: daily cash positioning, counterparty limits and dual authorisation of transfersOperationalCRIT-02PR-05 LiquidityCTL-TRY-001 to CTL-TRY-005[@group-treasurer]Audit
MC-006 (Example)Tax provisions and transfer pricing positions are reviewed and supportedFinancial and complianceCRIT-01, CRIT-03PR-08 TaxCTL-TAX-002, CTL-TAX-005[@head-of-tax]Audit
MC-007 (Example)Access to financial systems is restricted and reviewed (including privileged access)IT general controlCRIT-01, CRIT-05PR-04, PR-01 CyberITG-ACC-001 to ITG-ACC-008[@cio]Audit
MC-008 (Example)Cyber incidents are detected, escalated and contained within defined times; backups restore critical systemsOperationalCRIT-02, CRIT-04PR-01 CyberCTL-SEC-010, CTL-SEC-014, CTL-BCP-003[@ciso]Risk
MC-009 (Example)Critical third parties are assessed for security and continuity before onboarding and annuallyOperational and complianceCRIT-02, CRIT-03PR-06 Third partiesCTL-TPR-001, CTL-TPR-003[@head-of-procurement]Risk
MC-010 (Example)Personal data processing is recorded, assessed and subject to breach notification within legal deadlinesComplianceCRIT-03, CRIT-04PR-03 Data protectionCTL-DPR-001, CTL-DPR-005[@dpo]Risk
MC-011 (Example)Sanctions screening of customers and marketplace sellers before onboarding and on list updatesComplianceCRIT-03PR-09 RegulatoryCTL-SAN-001, CTL-SAN-002[@head-of-compliance]Risk
MC-012 (Example)Alternative performance measures and sustainability metrics in the annual report are defined, reconciled and reviewedReportingCRIT-06PR-04CTL-APM-001, CTL-ESG-003[@head-of-investor-relations]Audit

Use one control ID convention across the ICFR and the wider control library (CTL-<process>-NNN, ITG-<domain>-NNN, ELC-NNN, as set in compliance/risk-control-matrix), so that a deficiency, a test and a material control can be joined without a mapping table. ICFR key controls come from the risk and control matrix; operational and compliance controls (security, continuity, third parties, data protection, sanctions, investor reporting) come from the group control library.

Keep a change log of the inventory. Additions, removals and regroupings during the year are approved by the overseeing committee and reported to the board in the year-end paper.

DateChangeReasonApproved by
2026-06-30 (Example)MC-012 addedBoard decided published APMs meet CRIT-06 after investor feedbackAudit committee
[YYYY-MM-DD][Change][Reason][Committee]

6. Sources of assurance

MC IDFirst line: owner self-assessmentSecond line: risk, compliance or finance reviewThird line: internal auditExternal: auditor, SOC 1 / ISAE 3402 or other reportsAssurance level
MC-001 (Example)Quarterly certificationGroup finance review of entity packsAudit IA-2026-03Auditor's controls testing (partial reliance)High
MC-003 (Example)Monthly evidence of reviewInternal control team testing of CTL-REV-007 (TW-2026-REV-007)Internal audit testing of CTL-REV-004 (TW-2026-REV-004) and the remediation retestsAuditor's integrated audit of revenue controls and substantive testingHigh
MC-007 (Example)Quarterly access reviewsIT risk testingAudit IA-2026-07SOC 1 Type 2 report for hosted ERPHigh
MC-008 (Example)Monthly security metricsAnnual incident simulationAudit IA-2026-09Penetration test reportMedium
MC-009 (Example)Supplier assessment trackerProcurement risk reviewNot in 2026 planNoneLow
[MC-ID][Source][Source][Source][Source][High / Medium / Low]

Set a minimum: every material control has at least first-line self-assessment and one independent source (second line, internal audit or external) during the year. Where the map shows "Low", either add a test before the balance sheet date or explain to the board why reliance on management evidence is enough.

The assurance map is also a planning tool. Reading across a row shows whether the same control is being tested three times by three teams while another control has no independent view at all. Agree with internal audit and the second line who tests what, and let the external auditor know, so that the work can be relied on rather than repeated.

Outsourced controls deserve particular care. When a service provider runs part of a material control, obtain its assurance report, check the period it covers against your year end, and confirm that the complementary controls the provider expects you to run are themselves tested.

7. Monitoring and review during the year

ActivityFrequencyTiming (Example FY2026)Output
Owner self-assessment and certificationQuarterlyApril, July, October, JanuaryCertification log
Second-line testingPer planFebruary to NovemberTest workpapers
Internal audit reviews of material controlsPer audit planMarch to OctoberAudit reports
Deficiency evaluation and aggregationOngoing; formal quarterlyEach quartercompliance/control-deficiency-evaluation
Committee review of statusEach meetingMarch, July, October, FebruaryCommittee papers
Remediation cut-off for year-end retestAnnualMonthly controls fixed by 2026-10-31Remediation tracker
Roll-forward procedures to year endAnnualDecember and JanuaryRoll-forward memo
Board review of the draft statementAnnualFebruary 2027Board paper

Monitoring should also catch change. When the business changes (a new system, an acquisition, a reorganisation, a new market), ask whether a material control is affected and whether the inventory needs updating. The Green Book 2025 added a stronger emphasis on assessing change in its risk assessment component, which is a useful reminder for any entity.

8. Effectiveness assessment at the balance sheet date

Rate each material control as at the balance sheet date using the scale below. A control remediated during the year is "effective" at year end only if the corrected control operated for a sufficient period and was retested before that date.

RatingMeaning (company scale)
EffectiveDesigned appropriately and operated as designed as at the balance sheet date; any deficiencies found are minor and do not undermine the objective
Effective, with improvementsEffective as above; improvement actions open that do not affect the objective
Not effectiveThe control did not meet its objective as at the balance sheet date, or evidence is insufficient to conclude

The rating is a judgement, not a count of test exceptions. Consider how close the failure is to the control's objective, whether other controls covered the same risk during the gap, how long the gap lasted, and whether the evidence is strong enough to support a conclusion at all. A control that could not be tested because records were missing is not "effective by default": insufficient evidence leads to "Not effective" unless other reliable evidence fills the gap. Record the reasoning for every rating other than a plain "Effective", and record who challenged it. Where the committee and management disagree, the committee's view and the reasons go to the board.

For financial reporting material controls, link the rating to the severity scale in compliance/control-deficiency-evaluation. A material weakness or an unremediated significant deficiency in the underlying key controls normally means "Not effective" for the material control.

MC IDDeficiencies in the yearRemediated and retested before year end?Rating as at balance sheet dateEvidence
MC-001 (Example)NoneNot applicableEffectiveIA-2026-03; certifications
MC-003 (Example)DEF-2026-001 (CTL-REV-007) and DEF-2026-003 (CTL-REV-004), aggregated as significant deficiency AGG-01, reported to the audit committee on 2026-10-14Yes: retests of the October and November operation passed by 2026-12-15; December operation confirmed in roll-forward testing in January 2027EffectiveCDE-2026; TW-2026-REV-004 and TW-2026-REV-007, version 1.1
MC-007 (Example)DEF-2026-002 (ITG-ACC-002, control deficiency)Yes: October and November monthly privileged access reviews retested by 2026-12-15; December review in roll-forwardEffectiveCDE-2026; IA-2026-07 follow-up
MC-008 (Example)Incident simulation found escalation slower than targetPartly; retest scheduled 2027-03Effective, with improvementsSimulation report SIM-2026
MC-009 (Example)Annual assessment overdue for 2 of 14 critical suppliers at year endNoNot effectiveSupplier tracker, risk review RR-2026-11
MC-010 to MC-012 (Example)NoneNot applicableEffectiveCertifications, second-line tests
[MC-ID][Summary][Yes / No][Rating][Reference]

Record the overall conclusion for the board in one paragraph. Example: "Eleven of the twelve material controls were effective as at 2026-12-31. MC-009 (assessment of critical third parties) was not operating effectively at that date because two annual assessments were overdue. No financial reporting material control was found ineffective. One significant deficiency in revenue controls identified in Q3 was remediated, and the corrected controls were tested and found to have operated in the final months of the year."

9. Material controls not operating effectively

IDMC IDWhat did not operate effectivelyConsequence and exposureAction takenAction plannedOwnerTarget dateStatus
ISS-2026-01 (Example)MC-009Annual security and continuity reassessment not completed for two critical suppliers (payments gateway and warehouse management SaaS) by year endNo incident occurred; exposure is undetected deterioration of supplier controls for services that support order processingInterim questionnaires obtained in January 2027; SOC 2 report received for one supplierComplete both full reassessments; add an automated reminder 90 days before due date; quarterly committee reporting on overdue assessments[@head-of-procurement]2027-03-31Open
[ISS-ID][MC-ID][Description][Consequence][Done][Planned][@owner]YYYY-MM-DD[Status]

Prior-year issues (from the second year of Provision 29):

IDReported inAction promisedOutcomeClosed on
[ISS-ID][FY][Action][Done / Partly / Not done, explanation]YYYY-MM-DD

Do not omit an issue because it was fixed shortly after the balance sheet date. The rating speaks to that date; later remediation can be mentioned as an action taken.

10. Draft annual report disclosure

Structure the annual report section in four parts and keep the evidence reference beside each paragraph while drafting. Remove the references before publication.

PartContentEvidence
A. How the board monitored and reviewed the frameworkCommittees, cadence, sources of assurance, scope of reviewSections 2, 6, 7
B. Declaration on material controls as at the balance sheet dateBoard's conclusion on effectivenessSection 8
C. Material controls that did not operate effectivelyDescription, actions taken and plannedSection 9
D. Prior-year issues (second year onwards)Progress on previously reported mattersSection 9

Example draft wording (Corvid, FY2026; original illustrative text, not a model required by any rule):

Risk management and internal control. The board is responsible for the group's risk management and internal control framework. During 2026 the audit committee and the risk committee reviewed the framework at each scheduled meeting on the board's behalf, drawing on quarterly certifications by control owners, testing by the finance and risk teams, five internal audit reviews and the external auditor's reports. In March 2026 the board approved the criteria it uses to identify material controls and an inventory of twelve material controls covering financial reporting, treasury, tax, information technology, cyber security, data protection, sanctions, third parties and investor reporting.

Declaration. Having considered this work, the board concludes that the group's material controls were effective as at 31 December 2026, with the exception described below.

Control not operating effectively. Annual reassessments of two of our fourteen critical suppliers were not completed by the year end, so the control over the security and continuity of critical third parties was not operating effectively at that date. No incident resulted. Interim assurance has been obtained, the full reassessments are due by 31 March 2027, and overdue assessments will be reported to the risk committee each quarter. During the year we also identified and fixed weaknesses in the review of deferred subscription revenue, in our US business and in the group review; the corrected controls were tested and found to have operated in the final months of the year.

Coordinate the wording with the audit committee report (finance/audit-committee-report) and with the viability and going concern statements, so that the same issue is not described differently in two places.

11. Board approval and evidence pack

Item in the board packPrepared byIncluded
This working paper, sections 1 to 10Company secretary and head of risk[Yes / No]
Audit committee chair's report on its reviewAudit committee chair[Yes / No]
Risk committee chair's report on its reviewRisk committee chair[Yes / No]
Internal audit annual opinionHead of internal audit[Yes / No]
CFO and CEO certification to the boardCFO, CEO[Yes / No]
External auditor's views on controls (from its report to the audit committee)Audit committee chair[Yes / No]
Draft annual report statement (section 10)Company secretary[Yes / No]

Management certification to the board (Example wording, original): "To the best of our knowledge, after appropriate enquiry, the material controls listed in section 5 operated as described in section 8 as at the balance sheet date, and all known deficiencies and issues have been disclosed to the audit committee." Signed [CEO], [CFO], YYYY-MM-DD.

Board decisionValue
Meeting[Reference]
DateYYYY-MM-DD
Decision[Approved / Approved with changes / Deferred]
Changes requested[Text]

12. Improvement plan for next year

IDImprovementReasonOwnerDue
IMP-01 (Example)Add internal audit coverage of MC-009 and of the entity-level revenue review CTL-REV-007 in the 2027 planMC-009 rated Low in 2026; DEF-2026-001 was found by the internal control team, not internal audit[@head-of-internal-audit]2027-01-31
IMP-02 (Example)Move the remediation cut-off for monthly controls to 2027-09-30Three remediation retests in 2026 finished on 2026-12-15, leaving little margin before year end[@head-of-internal-control]2027-02-28
IMP-03 (Example)Automate certifications in the governance, risk and compliance toolManual tracking delayed Q3 certifications[@head-of-risk]2027-06-30
[IMP-ID][Improvement][Reason][@owner]YYYY-MM-DD

Revisit the criteria in section 4 each year. Strategy changes, acquisitions and new regulation can make a control material that was not before, or the reverse.

13. Glossary and references

TermMeaning in this template
Material controlA control the board judges material to the company, using the criteria in section 4
Key controlA control relied on to mitigate a significant risk; material controls are a subset
Assurance mapA table showing which lines of defence and external providers give assurance over each control
Balance sheet dateThe financial year end; the declaration speaks to this date
Comply or explainThe Code's basis: a company follows a provision or explains why it does not
Roll-forwardProcedures that extend conclusions from the last test date to the balance sheet date

References (obtain current versions):

  • UK Corporate Governance Code 2024 (Financial Reporting Council), Provisions 25, 26 and 29; FRC Corporate Governance Code Guidance (names and numbers only).
  • GAO, Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government (Green Book), GAO-25-107721, 2025-05-15, effective from fiscal year 2026.
  • COSO Internal Control, Integrated Framework (2013) (name only).
  • SEC Regulation S-X Rule 1-02(a)(4), Regulation S-K Item 308 and Form 20-F Item 15 (for dual-listed groups), eCFR and sec.gov.
  • Related templates: Control Deficiency Evaluation (compliance/control-deficiency-evaluation), ICFR Management Assessment (compliance/icfr-management-assessment), Risk and Control Matrix (compliance/risk-control-matrix), Audit Committee Report (finance/audit-committee-report), Risk Register (compliance/risk-register), Fraud Risk Assessment (compliance/fraud-risk-assessment), Internal Audit Charter and Plan (compliance/internal-audit-charter-and-plan), Board Pack (business/board-pack).

Standard and licence note

Structure aligned with the UK Corporate Governance Code 2024, Provision 29 (Financial Reporting Council), which is cited by name and provision number only: no Code or Guidance text is reproduced or paraphrased, and the criteria, inventory and wording here are original. Based on the GAO Green Book 2025 (a US government work) for the internal control component model. The COSO framework is named only. This template is not affiliated with or endorsed by the FRC, GAO or COSO. All names and figures in the examples are fictional. This template is original text written for this collection. Check the current official version of the Code and its Guidance before use. Template licence: MIT.

Modèles associés