# Sustainability-related Financial Disclosure: [Entity name] [Reporting period]

> A report skeleton and preparation workbook for general purpose
> sustainability-related financial disclosures prepared under IFRS S1
> "General Requirements for Disclosure of Sustainability-related
> Financial Information" and IFRS S2 "Climate-related Disclosures"
> (issued by the ISSB in June 2023, effective for annual periods
> beginning on or after 2024-01-01; IFRS S2 greenhouse gas amendments
> issued 2025-12-11, effective 2027-01-01), or under a jurisdictional
> version of them. The standards are cited by name and paragraph number
> only: obtain the official text from the IFRS Foundation or your
> jurisdiction for every requirement. Replace every `[bracketed]` value
> and every row marked *Example*. This is a document format, not
> financial, legal, accounting, audit or sustainability advice.

<!--
Guidance: How to use this template
- Purpose: organise the work of producing an ISSB-based report and give
  the published report a clear structure: the four core content areas,
  industry-based metrics, the greenhouse gas inventory and the
  connections to the financial statements.
- Licence rule for this template: the ISSB standards are copyrighted by
  the IFRS Foundation, whose terms restrict reproduction and use with AI
  tools. This template therefore names standards and paragraph ranges
  and never restates their requirements. Read the official text beside
  every section; the paragraph ranges given here are pointers to check,
  not a substitute.
- Work in this order: confirm the basis and reliefs (section 1),
  identify risks and opportunities (section 2), then draft governance,
  strategy, risk management and metrics (sections 3 to 7), and finish
  with connectivity and controls (sections 8 to 10).
- The worked example uses the fictional Corvid Commerce Group (parent
  Corvid Commerce Group plc, England and Wales, listed in London and,
  through American Depositary Shares, in New York; EUR, calendar year;
  685 FTE at 2026-12-31 in Germany, the UK, the US and Vietnam). Its
  TCFD-aligned climate disclosures are mandatory under the UK listing
  rules and the Companies Act 2006; it prepares the full IFRS S1 and S2
  report voluntarily for its lenders and investors.
- Related documents: Double Materiality Assessment
  (`finance/sustainability-double-materiality-assessment`) for EU ESRS
  reporting, Responsible Investment Policy
  (`finance/responsible-investment-policy`), Going Concern Assessment
  (`finance/going-concern-assessment`), Impairment Test Memo
  (`finance/impairment-test-memo`), Audit Committee Report
  (`finance/audit-committee-report`), Sustainability Architecture
  Assessment (`architecture/sustainability-architecture-assessment`).
-->

## Document control

<!-- Guidance: Record which standards and which jurisdictional version you apply, and every transition relief used. Users and assurance providers read the basis first. -->

| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Document ID | [ISSB-YYYY] *Example:* ISSB-2026 |
| Reporting entity | [Same entity as the general purpose financial statements] *Example:* Corvid Commerce Group (consolidated) |
| Reporting period | [YYYY-01-01 to YYYY-12-31] *Example:* FY2026, aligned with the financial statements |
| Standards applied | [IFRS S1 and IFRS S2 / jurisdictional version, e.g. UK SRS S1 and S2, AASB S2, SSBJ standards] |
| Basis | [Mandatory, citing the local law / Voluntary] *Example:* Climate disclosures mandatory (UK Listing Rules, TCFD-aligned, comply or explain; Companies Act 2006 ss.414CA and 414CB); full IFRS S1 and S2 report voluntary |
| Transition reliefs used | [Climate first / no comparatives / Scope 3 deferral / timing relief / none] |
| Financial statements framework | [IFRS Accounting Standards / local GAAP] |
| Assurance | [None / Limited / Reasonable; ISSA 5000 or national standard] |
| Version | [0.1] |
| Status | [Draft / In review / Approved for publication] |
| Owner | [@head-of-sustainability-reporting] |
| Approvers/reviewers | [@cfo], [@audit-committee-chair], [@board] |
| Last updated | YYYY-MM-DD |
| Classification | [Internal until published] |

### Approvals

| Role | Name | Decision | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Head of sustainability reporting | [@name] | [Prepared] | YYYY-MM-DD |
| Chief Financial Officer | [@name] | [Reviewed connectivity with the financial statements] | YYYY-MM-DD |
| Audit committee | [@name] | [Recommended for approval] | YYYY-MM-DD |
| Board | [@name] | [Approved for publication] | YYYY-MM-DD |

### Revision history

| Version | Date | Author | Change summary |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.1 | YYYY-MM-DD | [@name] | Basis, reliefs and risk and opportunity list |
| 0.5 | YYYY-MM-DD | [@name] | *Example:* Metrics populated, scenario analysis complete |
| 1.0 | YYYY-MM-DD | [@name] | *Example:* Approved with the annual report |

## Contents

<!-- Guidance: Keep this list aligned with the headings. -->

1. [Basis of preparation and jurisdiction](#1-basis-of-preparation-and-jurisdiction)
2. [Sustainability-related risks and opportunities](#2-sustainability-related-risks-and-opportunities)
3. [Governance](#3-governance)
4. [Strategy](#4-strategy)
5. [Risk management](#5-risk-management)
6. [Metrics and targets](#6-metrics-and-targets)
7. [Greenhouse gas inventory](#7-greenhouse-gas-inventory)
8. [Connectivity with the financial statements](#8-connectivity-with-the-financial-statements)
9. [Judgements, estimates and errors](#9-judgements-estimates-and-errors)
10. [Data, controls and assurance](#10-data-controls-and-assurance)
11. [Statement of compliance and approval](#11-statement-of-compliance-and-approval)
12. [Glossary and references](#12-glossary-and-references)

## 1. Basis of preparation and jurisdiction

<!-- Guidance: State which standards apply, whether reporting is mandatory, and the reliefs used. Pitfall: claiming compliance with IFRS S1 while using the climate-first relief, which some jurisdictional versions treat differently. -->

The ISSB standards become law only where a jurisdiction adopts them, and most jurisdictions adopt them with modifications, phase-ins or a different effective date. Start by recording the instrument that makes reporting mandatory for the entity, or record that reporting is voluntary and why. Where a group reports in several jurisdictions, list each regime, because the same group may face a mandatory climate standard in one market and voluntary use in another.

The IFRS Foundation reported in early 2026 that more than 40 jurisdictions had decided to use the ISSB standards or were taking steps to introduce them. The table below is a starting point only. Each row was checked against secondary sources in October 2026 and must be confirmed against the official instrument before you rely on it.

| Jurisdiction | Instrument (as of 2026-10, check local law) | Status for listed or large entities | Check |
|---|---|---|---|
| Australia | AASB S2 "Climate-related Disclosures" under the Corporations Act amendments | Mandatory in phases from annual periods beginning on or after 2025-01-01 for the largest group, later dates for smaller groups | Check the group thresholds and dates |
| Japan | SSBJ sustainability disclosure standards, required through Cabinet Office Ordinance (February 2026) | Mandatory for Prime Market companies with average market capitalisation of JPY 3 trillion or more from the fiscal year ending 2027-03-31, then phased | Check the phase-in schedule |
| United Kingdom | UK SRS S1 and UK SRS S2, published by the Department for Business and Trade on 2026-02-25 | UK SRS voluntary (TCFD-aligned climate disclosure is already mandatory for listed companies under the Listing Rules, comply or explain); the FCA has consulted on requiring listed companies to report against UK SRS (proposal, not yet a rule) | Check FCA policy statement |
| Hong Kong | HKSIS S1 and S2 (HKICPA); HKEX listing rule climate requirements from 2025-01-01 | Phased, partly comply-or-explain | Check HKEX rules by issuer category |
| Singapore | SGX climate reporting aligned with the ISSB standards | Listed issuers from FY2025; timing for large non-listed companies deferred | Check SGX and ACRA |
| Brazil | CVM Resolution 193 | Mandatory phase for listed companies was changed in 2026; sources conflict | Check the current CVM resolution |
| Canada | CSSB Canadian Sustainability Disclosure Standards (CSDS 1 and CSDS 2) | Voluntary; securities regulators paused mandatory climate rules in 2025 | Check CSA |
| European Union | ESRS under the CSRD (not ISSB); interoperability guidance exists | ESRS apply to in-scope undertakings; ISSB use is voluntary | See `finance/sustainability-double-materiality-assessment` |
| United States | No federal adoption; state climate laws (for example California) follow their own rules | Not ISSB-based | Check state law |
| Vietnam | No ISSB adoption decision identified | Voluntary | Check Ministry of Finance and State Securities Commission |

*Example:* Corvid Commerce Group plc is listed in London, so its climate disclosures are already required: the FCA listing rules require a statement of consistency with the TCFD recommendations in the annual financial report, on a comply-or-explain basis, and Companies Act 2006 sections 414CA and 414CB require climate-related financial disclosures in the strategic report of traded companies with more than 500 employees (Corvid has 685). It prepares the full report under IFRS S1 and IFRS S2 voluntarily, because its revolving credit facility includes a sustainability-linked margin, its two largest equity investors ask for ISSB-based reporting, and it wants to be ready if the FCA makes UK SRS reporting a listing requirement. Because IFRS S2 covers the TCFD recommendations, one climate section serves both the mandatory and the voluntary disclosures; keep a mapping so the TCFD statement can point to it. As a foreign private issuer, Corvid also files Form 20-F with the SEC; the SEC climate disclosure rules adopted in 2024 were stayed and the SEC ended its defence of them in 2025, so no US climate rule is assumed here (check the current position).

| Basis item | Reference (check official text) | Entity decision |
|---|---|---|
| Reporting entity same as financial statements | IFRS S1 paragraph 20 | [Confirm] *Example:* Yes, Corvid consolidated group |
| Timing: published with the financial statements | IFRS S1 paragraphs 64 to 69 | [Same date / relief used] *Example:* Same date |
| Comparative information | IFRS S1 paragraphs 70 and 71 | [Provided / first-year relief] *Example:* First year, relief used |
| Sources of guidance (including SASB Standards) | IFRS S1 paragraphs 54 to 59 | [Industry and sources considered] *Example:* Software and IT Services; E-Commerce |
| Transition reliefs in IFRS S1 | IFRS S1 Appendix E | [List] *Example:* No comparatives |
| Transition reliefs in IFRS S2 | IFRS S2 Appendix C | [List] *Example:* Scope 3 disclosed in the first year (relief not used) |
| GHG amendments to IFRS S2 | Amendments issued 2025-12-11, effective 2027-01-01 | [Early applied / not yet] *Example:* Not early applied for FY2026 |

## 2. Sustainability-related risks and opportunities

<!-- Guidance: Build the list of risks and opportunities that could reasonably be expected to affect the entity's prospects, and record the sources consulted. Pitfall: copying the EU double materiality list, which includes impact-only matters that do not belong here unless they also have financial effects. -->

The rest of the report depends on this list. Assemble it from the enterprise risk register, strategy documents, investor questions, industry sources the standards direct you to consider, and, where the group also reports under ESRS, the financial materiality results of the double materiality assessment. Record for each item the time horizon, the part of the value chain it arises in and the business area that owns it.

Describe each risk or opportunity as a mechanism with a financial consequence. A good entry says what changes, through which channel, and how the change would show up in revenue, cost, asset values, liabilities or financing terms. Distinguish physical climate risks (acute events and chronic shifts) from transition risks (policy, technology, market and reputation), because the strategy and metrics sections treat them differently.

| ID | Risk or opportunity | Category | Value-chain stage | Time horizon | Owner | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRO-001 *(Example)* | Carrier and hosting surcharges linked to carbon pricing and fuel costs | Climate transition risk (policy, market) | Upstream logistics, cloud | Medium (2 to 5 years) | [@cfo] | DMA RIO-101 |
| SRO-002 *(Example)* | Sustainability-linked margin on the revolving credit facility | Climate transition risk (financing) | Own operations | Short (under 2 years) | [@treasurer] | Facility agreement |
| SRO-003 *(Example)* | Heat and flood disruption at a Vietnam development centre | Climate physical risk (acute) | Own operations | Medium to long | [@coo] | Site hazard screening |
| SRO-004 *(Example)* | Demand from enterprise merchants for low-carbon checkout and delivery options | Climate opportunity (products and services) | Downstream | Medium | [@cpo] | Customer requests |
| SRO-005 *(Example)* | Data breach leading to fines, remediation and churn | Other sustainability-related risk (consumers) | Downstream | Short | [@ciso] | DMA RIO-103 |
| SRO-006 *(Example)* | Extended producer responsibility fees for packaging and electronics | Other sustainability-related risk (resource use) | Downstream | Short to medium | [@operations-lead] | DMA RIO-105 |

Define the horizons used and link them to planning cycles: *Example:* short term is under 2 years (budget and rolling forecast), medium term is 2 to 5 years (strategic plan), long term is more than 5 years (useful lives of capitalised software and data-centre commitments).

## 3. Governance

<!-- Guidance: Describe the bodies and people who oversee and manage sustainability-related risks and opportunities, with evidence from terms of reference and minutes. Pitfall: listing committees without showing how often they considered the topics or what they decided. -->

References to check: IFRS S1 paragraphs 26 and 27; IFRS S2 paragraphs 5 to 7.

Write this section from the governance documents the entity already has: board and committee terms of reference, the schedule of matters reserved for the board, management committee charters, job descriptions and remuneration policies. Describe who is responsible, how they are informed, how often, and what they did with the information during the period. Show the skills available to the board, and how the board obtains expertise it does not have, such as external briefings or advisers.

Evidence matters more than wording. A reader should be able to see that the board discussed the transition plan, approved targets, and challenged management on progress, with dates. Where executive remuneration is linked to sustainability metrics, state the metric and its weight in the incentive plan, and cross-refer to the remuneration report rather than repeating it.

| Body or role | Responsibility | Information received | Frequency | Evidence in period |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Board *(Example)* | Approves strategy, transition plan and targets | Annual report of the audit committee; quarterly KPI dashboard | Quarterly | Minutes of YYYY-MM-DD approving FY2027 targets |
| Audit committee *(Example)* | Oversees sustainability reporting, controls and assurance | Draft report, control testing results | Three times a year | Minutes of YYYY-MM-DD |
| Executive sustainability committee (chair: CFO) *(Example)* | Manages risks and opportunities, owns the transition plan | Monthly emissions and supplier data | Monthly | 11 meetings held |
| Chief Financial Officer *(Example)* | Accountable for the report and its connectivity to the accounts | All of the above | Ongoing | Sign-off record |
| Remuneration committee *(Example)* | Sets sustainability weighting in executive incentives | Scope 3 intensity outcome | Annual | 10% of the annual bonus linked to the intensity target |

## 4. Strategy

<!-- Guidance: Show how the risks and opportunities affect the business model, value chain, strategy, financial position, performance and cash flows, and how resilient the strategy is. Pitfall: generic narrative with no numbers and no link to the plan the board approved. -->

References to check: IFRS S1 paragraphs 28 to 42; IFRS S2 paragraphs 8 to 23, including the climate resilience paragraphs and the scenario analysis guidance in the standard.

Build this section from the strategic plan and the budget. For each risk and opportunity in section 2, explain where it sits in the business model, what management is doing about it and what it costs. Separate effects already visible in the current period from effects anticipated later, and give amounts or ranges where they can be estimated. Where you cannot give a quantitative estimate, say why, and what would allow you to give one in future.

Scenario analysis for climate resilience should be proportionate to the entity's exposure and resources. A software and commerce group with modest physical assets may begin with qualitative scenarios supported by a small number of quantified sensitivities, and increase depth as data improves. Record the scenarios, their sources, key assumptions, time horizons and the results, and explain how the results informed the strategy.

| ID | Effect on business model and value chain | Response in strategy | Current-period financial effect | Anticipated effect (range) | Link to accounts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRO-001 *(Example)* | Higher cost per parcel and per hosting unit | Carrier mix shift, rail and consolidated shipping; hosting region choice | EUR 180k additional surcharges in FY2026 | EUR 0.5m to 1.2m a year by 2030 | Operating costs; budget assumptions |
| SRO-002 *(Example)* | Cost of debt depends on Scope 3 intensity | Intensity target embedded in incentives | Margin unchanged in FY2026 | +/- 5 basis points on drawn amounts | Finance costs |
| SRO-003 *(Example)* | Outage risk (flooding, power cuts) for the 240 Vietnam staff, about 170 of them engineers | Remote-work continuity plan, second site option | None | Up to EUR 0.4m per major event | Business continuity costs |
| SRO-004 *(Example)* | New paid checkout feature | Product roadmap item for FY2027 | Development cost EUR 260k capitalised | Revenue EUR 0.8m to 1.5m by 2029 | Intangible assets, revenue |

Transition plan summary: [targets, levers, dependencies, capital allocated, and how progress is reported]. *Example:* Corvid's transition plan targets a 42% reduction in Scope 3 emissions intensity per EUR million of revenue by 2030 against FY2026, through supplier engagement on hardware, carrier mix and hosting region choice. The plan relies on supplier-specific emission factors replacing spend-based estimates, which will itself change the baseline; the plan explains that recalculation policy in section 7.

| Scenario | Source and version | Horizon | Key assumptions | Result | Strategic response |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SCN-01 *(Example)* | Orderly transition scenario (name the published source, for example an NGFS scenario set, with vintage) | 2030 and 2040 | Rising carbon prices passed through by carriers and hosting | Cost increase within the range in SRO-001 | Carrier mix target |
| SCN-02 *(Example)* | Hot-house world scenario (name source and vintage) | 2040 and 2050 | More frequent extreme heat and flooding in Southeast Asia | Higher outage frequency at the Vietnam site | Second-site option assessed |

## 5. Risk management

<!-- Guidance: Describe the processes for identifying, assessing, prioritising and monitoring sustainability-related risks and opportunities, and how they are integrated into overall risk management. Pitfall: a separate process that never reaches the enterprise risk register. -->

References to check: IFRS S1 paragraphs 43 and 44; IFRS S2 paragraphs 24 to 26.

Describe the process as it actually runs. State which inputs are used (internal data, industry sources, scenario analysis, stakeholder information), how likelihood and magnitude are assessed, how sustainability-related risks are compared with other risks, and who decides on the response. Show where the process sits in the enterprise risk management cycle and whether it changed during the period.

Opportunities follow a different path in most organisations: they are identified through strategy and product planning rather than through the risk register. Say so if that is the case, and explain how they are tracked to a decision.

```mermaid
flowchart LR
  A[Inputs: risk register, DMA, scenario analysis, investor questions] --> B[Identify risks and opportunities]
  B --> C[Assess likelihood and magnitude using ERM scales]
  C --> D[Prioritise against all enterprise risks]
  D --> E[Decide response and owner]
  E --> F[Monitor KPIs and report to executive committee]
  F --> G[Audit committee and board review]
  G --> B
```

| Process step | Owner | Frequency | Integrated with ERM? | Change in period |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identification *(Example)* | Sustainability lead with risk owners | Annual, plus event-driven | Yes, same register | Added SRO-003 after site screening |
| Assessment *(Example)* | Risk owners | Semi-annual | Yes, same five-point scales | None |
| Prioritisation *(Example)* | Executive committee | Semi-annual | Yes | None |
| Monitoring *(Example)* | Executive sustainability committee | Monthly | Yes | Monthly emissions dashboard introduced |

## 6. Metrics and targets

<!-- Guidance: Report the metrics the standards require, the industry-based metrics relevant to the business model, and the entity's own targets with progress. Define every metric. Pitfall: changing a metric definition without restating comparatives or explaining the change. -->

References to check: IFRS S1 paragraphs 45 to 53; IFRS S2 paragraphs 27 to 37, including the cross-industry metric categories and the target paragraphs; for industry-based metrics, the SASB Standards and the Industry-based Guidance on Implementing IFRS S2 (names only).

Use a metric register so every number in the report has one definition, one owner and one data source. For industry-based metrics, list the industries considered and the metric codes selected, and explain why others were not applicable. Where a metric comes from the financial statements, use the same amounts and cross-refer. Where a target is set, state the base year, the metric, the target period, interim milestones and whether the target was validated by a third party.

| Metric ID | Metric | Category | Definition and unit | Source system | FY2026 value | Owner |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MET-001 *(Example)* | Gross Scope 1 emissions | Cross-industry climate | tCO2e, operational control | Facilities data | 310 | [@sustainability-lead] |
| MET-002 *(Example)* | Gross Scope 2 emissions, location-based | Cross-industry climate | tCO2e | Energy invoices | 1,450 | [@sustainability-lead] |
| MET-003 *(Example)* | Gross Scope 2 emissions, market-based | Climate (contractual instruments) | tCO2e | Energy invoices, supply contracts | 620 | [@sustainability-lead] |
| MET-004 *(Example)* | Gross Scope 3 emissions | Cross-industry climate | tCO2e, categories in section 7 | Spend and activity data | 30,980 | [@sustainability-lead] |
| MET-005 *(Example)* | Emissions intensity | Entity-specific | Scopes 1, 2 (market-based) and 3 per EUR million revenue | Calculated | 227.9 | [@sustainability-lead] |
| MET-006 *(Example)* | Data centre energy share from renewable sources | Industry-based (software) | % of hosting energy | Provider reports | 71% | [@cto] |
| MET-007 *(Example)* | Notifiable personal-data incidents | Industry-based (data security) | Count | Incident register | 1 | [@ciso] |
| MET-008 *(Example)* | Capital deployed towards climate-related opportunities | Cross-industry climate | EUR thousand | Fixed asset and capitalisation records | 260 | [@controller] |
| MET-009 *(Example)* | Share of executive variable pay linked to climate | Cross-industry climate | % of annual bonus | Remuneration report | 10% | [@company-secretary] |

Check: MET-005 equals (310 + 620 + 30,980) / 140 = 31,910 / 140 = 227.9 tCO2e per EUR million of FY2026 revenue (EUR 140 million).

| Target ID | Metric | Base year and value | Target | Interim milestone | Progress FY2026 | Validated by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TGT-001 *(Example)* | MET-005 intensity | FY2026: 227.9 | 132.2 by FY2030 (42% reduction) | 190.0 by FY2028 | Base year | [Not validated / name of initiative] |
| TGT-002 *(Example)* | MET-006 renewable share | FY2026: 71% | 90% by FY2028 | 80% by FY2027 | Base year | Not applicable |

Check: 227.9 x (1 - 0.42) = 132.2.

## 7. Greenhouse gas inventory

<!-- Guidance: Measure under the GHG Protocol Corporate Standard unless a jurisdiction requires another method, and disclose the approach, boundaries, emission factors and Scope 3 categories. Pitfall: mixing operational and financial control boundaries between scopes. -->

References to check: IFRS S2 paragraph 29 and the measurement guidance in the standard, together with the amendments issued 2025-12-11 (effective 2027-01-01). Measurement method: GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard (2004 revised edition) and Corporate Value Chain (Scope 3) Standard; check for revisions in progress at the GHG Protocol.

Describe the boundary approach (operational control, financial control or equity share), the consolidation of subsidiaries, the gases included, the emission factor sources and vintages, the share of data that is estimated, and the recalculation policy for the base year. For Scope 3, list all fifteen categories, state which are relevant and included, and explain exclusions. Distinguish primary supplier data from spend-based or average-data estimates, because users judge the reliability of Scope 3 by that mix.

| Scope 3 category | Relevant? | Method | Data quality | FY2026 tCO2e |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Purchased goods and services (incl. cloud hosting) *(Example)* | Yes | Spend-based, supplier-specific for 2 hosting providers | Mixed | 16,000 |
| 2 Capital goods *(Example)* | Yes | Spend-based on FY2026 capex paid (EUR 8.2 million: point-of-sale terminals, laptops, servers, racking) | Estimated | 2,400 |
| 3 Fuel- and energy-related activities *(Example)* | Yes | Average data | Estimated | 260 |
| 4 Upstream transportation and distribution *(Example)* | Yes | Distance-based from carrier data | Primary for 3 of 4 carriers | 6,900 |
| 5 Waste generated in operations *(Example)* | Yes | Average-data: office waste and end-of-life treatment of returned rented terminals and retired IT equipment | Estimated | 180 |
| 6 Business travel *(Example)* | Yes | Distance-based | Primary | 940 |
| 7 Employee commuting *(Example)* | Yes | Survey-based average | Estimated | 1,100 |
| 8 to 10 *(Example)* | No: leased warehouses and offices are under operational control and reported in Scopes 1 and 2; no material downstream transport or processing | Not applicable | Not applicable | 0 |
| 11 and 12 *(Example)* | No: the group sells no physical products; point-of-sale terminals are owned and rented to merchants, so their use is in category 13 and their disposal in category 5 | Not applicable | Not applicable | 0 |
| 13 Downstream leased assets (rented point-of-sale terminals) *(Example)* | Yes | Average-data: fleet size times device energy profile times grid factor by country | Estimated | 3,200 |
| 14 and 15 *(Example)* | No: no franchises; the associate and other investments are immaterial | Not applicable | Not applicable | 0 |
| **Total Scope 3** | | | | **30,980** |

Check: 16,000 + 2,400 + 260 + 6,900 + 180 + 940 + 1,100 + 3,200 = 30,980. Capitalised hardware (the PP&E classes in Fixed Asset Register, `finance/fixed-asset-register`) belongs in category 2, not category 1; the point-of-sale terminals are the POS class in that register, owned by the group and rented to subscription customers, which is why their use-phase energy is in category 13 rather than category 11.

Base-year recalculation policy: [threshold and triggers]. *Example:* Corvid recalculates the base year when structural changes, methodology changes or discovered errors change base-year emissions by 5% or more, individually or together. The planned switch from spend-based to supplier-specific factors for hardware is expected to trigger a recalculation in FY2027.

## 8. Connectivity with the financial statements

<!-- Guidance: Show how the disclosures connect to the financial statements and to each other: consistent assumptions, data and amounts. Pitfall: a scenario that assumes higher carbon costs while the impairment test assumes none. -->

References to check: IFRS S1 paragraphs 21 to 24 (connected information).

Connectivity is the feature users value most and preparers most often miss. Walk through each significant assumption in the financial statements that could be affected by a sustainability-related risk (cash-flow forecasts in impairment tests, useful lives, provisions, going concern, expected credit losses on receivables) and record whether it is consistent with the strategy section. Where they differ for a good reason, explain the difference rather than leaving users to find it.

| Financial statements area | Assumption | Consistent with sustainability report? | Explanation or action | Cross-reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Goodwill impairment test *(Example)* | Cost growth includes carrier surcharges at the low end of SRO-001 | Yes | Range disclosed in both | `finance/impairment-test-memo` |
| Useful lives of capitalised software *(Example)* | 5 years | Yes, no climate effect identified | None | Accounting policy note |
| Going concern *(Example)* | Downside scenario includes a 5 basis point margin step-up | Yes | Included as SRO-002 | `finance/going-concern-assessment` |
| Provisions *(Example)* | EPR fee accruals for packaging | Yes | SRO-006 amounts agree to accruals | Provisions note |
| Segment and revenue data *(Example)* | Revenue EUR 140 million used for intensity metric | Yes | Same amount as income statement | MET-005 |

## 9. Judgements, estimates and errors

<!-- Guidance: Record the significant judgements and the main sources of measurement uncertainty, and how prior-period errors are handled. Pitfall: presenting estimated Scope 3 data with the same confidence as metered energy. -->

References to check: IFRS S1 paragraphs 74 to 86.

List the judgements that most affect the report: which risks and opportunities were identified, which industry metrics were selected, which boundary was used for emissions, how financial effects were estimated. For each metric with significant measurement uncertainty, identify the source of uncertainty and the assumptions made. Keep a log of prior-period errors found during the year, their correction and whether comparatives were restated.

| ID | Judgement or estimate | Why significant | Approach | Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JDG-001 *(Example)* | Spend-based factors for hardware in Scope 3 categories 1 and 2 | Largest single category | Factors from a named environmentally extended input-output database, inflation-adjusted to FY2026 prices | A 20% change in factors moves Scope 3 by about 2,900 tCO2e |
| JDG-002 *(Example)* | Device energy profile of rented terminals in category 13 | Fleet energy is estimated, not metered | Manufacturer specifications checked against a metered sample of terminals | A 20% change in average power draw moves category 13 by about 640 tCO2e |
| JDG-003 *(Example)* | Financial range for SRO-001 | Depends on policy and carrier behaviour | Two scenarios in section 4 | Disclosed as a range |

Check: JDG-001 uses about 14,500 tCO2e of hardware-related emissions within categories 1 and 2 (an estimate within their combined 18,400: 16,000 + 2,400); 20% of 14,500 is 2,900. JDG-002: 20% of 3,200 is 640.

## 10. Data, controls and assurance

<!-- Guidance: Sustainability data needs the same control discipline as financial data. Document owners, systems, controls and evidence. Pitfall: spreadsheets with no review evidence feeding a published, assured metric. -->

Treat the report as a reporting process with controls. For each metric, record the source system, the extraction and calculation steps, the reviewer and the evidence of review. Use the same control vocabulary as for financial reporting so the internal audit function and the external assurance provider can test it. Where assurance is obtained, state the standard (ISSA 5000 for periods beginning on or after 2026-12-15, or the national standard), the level of assurance and the scope.

| Control ID | Metric | Control | Type | Frequency | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SCTL-001 *(Example)* | MET-001 to MET-003 | Reconcile energy volumes to supplier invoices | Detective, manual | Quarterly | Signed reconciliation |
| SCTL-002 *(Example)* | MET-004 | Review spend mapping to Scope 3 categories by procurement | Detective, manual | Annual | Review sign-off |
| SCTL-003 *(Example)* | MET-005 | Revenue denominator agreed to the audited income statement | Detective, manual | Annual | Tick-and-tie |
| SCTL-004 *(Example)* | All | Change control on calculation workbook | Preventive | Ongoing | Version log |

Cross-reference the control documentation to the Risk Control Matrix (`compliance/risk-control-matrix`) and the testing to the Control Testing Workpaper (`compliance/control-testing-workpaper`).

## 11. Statement of compliance and approval

<!-- Guidance: Make an explicit and unreserved statement of compliance only when every requirement is met, and name reliefs used. Pitfall: a compliance statement that omits the reliefs, which misleads users. -->

References to check: IFRS S1 paragraphs 72 and 73; the transition appendices of IFRS S1 and IFRS S2; jurisdictional rules on compliance statements (for example, UK SRS treats compliance with S1 differently when only climate is reported).

Draft the statement in your own words after legal and audit review, naming the standards (and jurisdictional version), the period, and every transition relief used. Record the approval by the governance body.

| Item | Value |
|---|---|
| Compliance statement text | [Drafted by the entity; reviewed by counsel and the assurance provider] |
| Reliefs named in the statement | [List] *Example:* First-year comparatives relief |
| Approved by | [Board], YYYY-MM-DD |
| Published with | [Annual report / separate report], YYYY-MM-DD |

## 12. Glossary and references

<!-- Guidance: Define terms once and keep references to what was used. -->

| Term | Meaning in this template |
|---|---|
| ISSB | International Sustainability Standards Board of the IFRS Foundation |
| IFRS S1, IFRS S2 | The ISSB's general requirements standard and climate standard |
| SASB Standards | Industry-based sustainability standards maintained by the ISSB, referred to by name |
| Core content | The four areas of governance, strategy, risk management, and metrics and targets |
| Scope 1, 2, 3 | Direct emissions; indirect emissions from purchased energy; other indirect value-chain emissions |
| tCO2e | Tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent |
| Connectivity | Consistency of data, assumptions and narrative across the sustainability report and the financial statements |
| Transition relief | Optional simplification available in the first periods of application |
| Jurisdictional version | A standard adopted by a jurisdiction based on the ISSB standards, possibly with modifications |

References:

- IFRS S1 "General Requirements for Disclosure of Sustainability-related Financial Information" (June 2023, effective 2024-01-01); IFRS S2 "Climate-related Disclosures" (June 2023, effective 2024-01-01); Amendments to IFRS S2 on greenhouse gas emissions disclosures (issued 2025-12-11, effective 2027-01-01). Names and paragraph numbers only.
- SASB Standards; Industry-based Guidance on Implementing IFRS S2 (names only).
- IFRS Foundation, jurisdictional adoption update, early 2026 (adoption count; check the current jurisdictional profiles).
- FCA UK Listing Rules, climate-related disclosure (TCFD-aligned, comply or explain) for listed companies (names only; check the FCA Handbook).
- Companies Act 2006 (UK), sections 414CA and 414CB (climate-related financial disclosures in the strategic report).
- UK SRS S1 and UK SRS S2, Department for Business and Trade, 2026-02-25.
- AASB S2; SSBJ standards; HKSIS S1 and S2; CSDS 1 and CSDS 2; CVM Resolution 193 (names only, check each).
- GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard; Corporate Value Chain (Scope 3) Standard.
- IAASB ISSA 5000 "General Requirements for Sustainability Assurance Engagements", periods beginning on or after 2026-12-15 (number and title only).

## Standard and licence note

Structure aligned with IFRS S1 and IFRS S2 issued by the International Sustainability Standards Board, cited by name and paragraph number only. The IFRS Foundation holds copyright in these standards and its terms restrict reproduction and use with AI tools, so this template contains no text, paraphrase or illustrative example from them; the section structure follows the widely used four core content areas, and all guidance, tables and the worked example are original. Paragraph ranges are pointers and must be checked against the official text. The jurisdictional adoption table reflects secondary sources as of 2026-10; check each instrument. Corvid Commerce Group is fictional. Template licence: MIT.