# Post-MBA Career Plan: [Your name, graduation year] > A career strategy workbook for the years after the MBA: choosing the first role, a three to five year plan with > milestones, the skills and network you will build, alternative paths such as founding a company or a search fund, > what the evidence says about career switching, and a personal financial plan that links to your loan repayment. > It is for second-year MBA students, recent graduates and alumni reviewing their direction. Source basis: > career development research (Super 1980; Ibarra 2003), network research (Granovetter 1973), developmental > relationships (Kram 1985), and dated candidate data from GMAC, written in our own words. Replace every [bracketed] > value and every row marked *Example*. This is a planning aid, not financial, tax, legal or immigration advice. ## Document control | Field | Value | |---|---| | Document ID | CAREER-[YYYY]-001 | | Owner | [Your name] | | Programme and graduation | [Programme, YYYY] | | First role (accepted or target) | [Employer, role, start date] | | Planning horizon | [3 to 5 years, to YYYY] | | Version | [0.1] | | Status | [Draft / Active / Under review] | | Last updated | YYYY-MM-DD | | Next review | YYYY-MM-DD | | Reviewed by | [Mentor, coach] | | Classification | Personal, confidential | ## Contents 1. Purpose and how to use the plan 2. Where you start: evidence and values 3. What the data say about career change after an MBA 4. Choosing the first role 5. Three to five year plan 6. Skills plan 7. Network plan 8. Alternative paths: founding a company and search funds 9. Financial plan 10. Review routine and signposts 11. Timeline with relative dates 12. Quality checklist 13. Common mistakes ## 1. Purpose and how to use the plan The MBA opens several doors at once, and most graduates choose their first role under time pressure, in the middle of the second year, with offers that expire. A written plan makes that choice deliberate. It also helps later: the first two or three years after an MBA are when many people change role, employer or even sector, and a plan with explicit signposts makes it easier to tell a bad month from a wrong path. Career development research supports treating the plan as a set of experiments. Super (1980) described careers as a sequence of life roles across stages rather than a single choice. Ibarra (2003) found that people who change careers successfully tend to do it by trying new activities, building new relationships and reinterpreting their story, rather than by deciding first and acting later. In practice, that means writing down what you believe, what would prove you wrong, and what small test you can run next. | Item | Your answer | |---|---| | In five years I want to be doing (one sentence) | [Example: running a commercial team in a growth-stage technology company, with P&L responsibility] | | Why it matters to me | [Values, interests, life goals] | | What would tell me this is wrong | [Example: after 18 months I prefer analysis to managing people] | | Constraints | [Location, family, visa, loans] | ## 2. Where you start: evidence and values Collect the evidence you already have. The MBA gives you an unusually rich data set about yourself: course results, team feedback, recruiting outcomes, the internship, clubs and treks. Look for patterns. | Source | What it says about strengths | What it says about gaps | What I enjoyed | |---|---|---|---| | Internship evaluation *(Example)* | Strong analysis, good pace | Storyline and senior communication | Customer interviews more than modelling | | 360 feedback (mba/mba-leadership-360-reflection) *(Example)* | Reliable, calm under pressure | Delegation | Coaching a first-year team | | Course results *(Example)* | Strong in operations and pricing | Weaker in accounting | Negotiation and strategy electives | | [Source] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | Values and preferences, ranked (1 = most important): | Value | Rank | Note | |---|---|---| | Learning and growth | [ ] | [ ] | | Income and financial security | [ ] | [ ] | | Impact and purpose | [ ] | [ ] | | Autonomy | [ ] | [ ] | | Location and family | [ ] | [ ] | | Stability | [ ] | [ ] | | Status and recognition | [ ] | [ ] | ## 3. What the data say about career change after an MBA Many people start an MBA to change industry, function or location. Survey data suggest this motive has weakened recently. As of October 2026, GMAC reports from its Prospective Students Survey that the share of candidates worldwide who want to change industry or job function through graduate management education fell from 58% in 2022 to 42% in 2025, and that candidates are focusing more on skills and return on investment ([GMAC, April 2026](https://blog.gmac.com/gmac-advisor/5-things-business-schools-need-to-know-about-prospective-students-in-2026)). The 2026 report (March 2026) also notes that pre-experience candidates are less interested in technology careers and more interested in financial services ([GMAC Prospective Students Survey 2026](https://www.gmac.com/market-intelligence-and-research/research-library/admissions-and-application-trends/2026-gmac-prospective-students-survey-report)). These are statements about what candidates want, not about outcomes. For employer demand and salaries, GMAC publishes a separate Corporate Recruiters Survey each year (the 2026 report is dated June 2026); check the current report and your school's employment report for figures that apply to you. What this means for a plan: - A switch is still common and achievable, but it works best with evidence: an internship, a project, a relevant elective or a network in the target field. - Employers hire for the next job, not the one after. Your first role should make the second one easier. - Your school's employment report is the most relevant data on salaries and placement for your class; read it for the function and location you target, and note the reporting standard and response rate it states. | Data point | Value | Source and date | Checked on | |---|---|---|---| | Median base salary for my target function in my school's report | [ ] | [School employment report, year] | YYYY-MM-DD | | Share of my class in my target industry | [ ] | [Same] | YYYY-MM-DD | | Employer demand trend for my target function | [ ] | [GMAC Corporate Recruiters Survey, year] | YYYY-MM-DD | ## 4. Choosing the first role The first post-MBA role matters most for what it teaches and who it connects you to. A role with a strong manager, real responsibility and visible results usually beats a slightly better title or salary. Ask of each option: what will I be able to do in two years that I cannot do now, and who will vouch for me? ```mermaid flowchart TD A["Five-year goal (section 1)"] --> B{"Does the role build a skill or credential the goal needs?"} B -->|"No"| X["Low priority unless constraints force it"] B -->|"Yes"| C{"Is there a manager who will develop me?"} C -->|"Unclear"| D["Ask to meet the manager and two team members"] D --> C C -->|"Yes"| E{"Do the economics work? (section 9)"} E -->|"No"| F["Negotiate or adjust budget: mba/mba-offer-negotiation"] F --> E E -->|"Yes"| G["Shortlist and compare on weighted criteria"] G --> H["Accept and write a 90-day plan: career/ninety-day-plan"] ``` | Criterion | Weight | [Option A] | [Option B] | [Option C] | |---|---|---|---|---| | Builds the skills the goal needs | [ ]% | [1 to 5] | [ ] | [ ] | | Manager and sponsorship | [ ]% | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | | Network and brand for the next role | [ ]% | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | | Economics after loans (section 9) | [ ]% | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | | Location, family and visa | [ ]% | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | | Enjoyment (evidence from section 2) | [ ]% | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | | **Weighted score** | **100%** | `=SUMPRODUCT(weights, scores)` | | | ## 5. Three to five year plan Break the horizon into stages. A common shape is: years 0 to 1, learn the job and deliver early results; years 1 to 3, take on broader scope or a team; years 3 to 5, own a P&L, a function or a venture. For each stage write the outcome, the evidence that you got there, and the signpost that would trigger a change. | Stage | Outcome | Evidence | Signpost to change course | |---|---|---|---| | Year 0 to 1 *(Example)* | Deliver two pricing projects end to end at Northfield Outdoor Co. | Projects adopted; strong first review | No ownership of a project by month 9 | | Year 1 to 3 *(Example)* | Lead a team of 3 to 5 in commercial strategy | Promotion or formal team lead role | No path to a team within 24 months | | Year 3 to 5 *(Example)* | General management of a business line or move to a growth-stage firm such as Corvane Robotics | P&L responsibility | Interest shifts to entrepreneurship (section 8) | | [Stage] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | Use career/ninety-day-plan for the first three months of the first role. ## 6. Skills plan | Skill | Current level (1 to 5) | Target level and date | How I will build it | Feedback from | Status | |---|---|---|---|---|---| | Senior communication *(Example)* | 3 | 4 by month 12 | Present monthly to the leadership team; one coaching session a quarter | Manager | [ ] | | People leadership *(Example)* | 2 | 4 by year 3 | Mentor an analyst; manage a summer intern | Skip-level manager | [ ] | | Financial modelling *(Example)* | 4 | Maintain | Own the pricing model | Finance partner | [ ] | | [Skill] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | Skills that employers and candidates both rate highly include strategic thinking, problem solving, communication and leadership; data and AI fluency is increasingly expected of general managers (see mba/mba-ai-for-managers-guide). Choose skills from your own five-year goal, not from a general list. ## 7. Network plan Granovetter (1973) showed that people often learn about new jobs through weak ties, acquaintances who move in different circles, rather than close friends. Kram (1985) described how mentors and sponsors support careers in two ways: career functions (sponsorship, exposure, coaching) and psychosocial functions (role modelling, counselling). A useful post-MBA network includes a mentor in your field, a sponsor in your employer who can speak for you, peers from your class, and a few weak ties in the field you might move to next. Use mba/mba-alumni-network-plan and mba/mba-networking-tracker for the detail. | Role | Name | Why | Contact rhythm | Last contact | |---|---|---|---|---| | Mentor *(Example)* | [Name], alumna, VP Operations at Tallow Creek Medical Center | Operations career path | Quarterly | YYYY-MM-DD | | Sponsor *(Example)* | [Name], my manager's manager | Advocates for stretch roles | Monthly 1:1 | YYYY-MM-DD | | Peer group *(Example)* | Five classmates in strategy roles | Benchmarks and support | Every two months | YYYY-MM-DD | | Weak ties in target field | [Names] | [Why] | [Twice a year] | YYYY-MM-DD | ## 8. Alternative paths: founding a company and search funds Some MBA graduates start a company at graduation or a few years later; some pursue a search fund, and some join an early-stage company as a senior hire. Each has a distinct risk and preparation profile. **Founding a company.** The founder tests a problem, a customer and a business model, raises money if needed, and accepts a long period of low or no salary with a high chance of failure. Preparation includes customer discovery, an opportunity assessment (mba/mba-opportunity-assessment-card), an understanding of how venture financing and the cap table work (mba/mba-venture-finance-cap-table-card), and the course material in mba/mba-entrepreneurship-guide. Many schools run incubators, summer founder programmes and grants for students and recent alumni; check your school's current offer. **Search funds.** In the traditional search fund model, an individual or a pair of searchers, often recent MBA graduates, raises a modest amount of capital from a group of investors to fund a search, typically lasting up to two years, for an established private company to acquire. If they find and acquire one, the searchers usually become the chief executive, and the investors provide the acquisition capital. Searchers earn equity that vests with the acquisition, time and performance. Variants include self-funded searches and searches backed by a single investor. The path combines general management, deal skills and personal financial risk: the search may not find a company, and the salary during the search is usually below a typical post-MBA salary. Academic centres publish periodic studies of search fund outcomes (one long-running series is published by Stanford GSB's Center for Entrepreneurial Studies); read the latest edition for current data rather than relying on figures quoted second hand. **Joining an early-stage company.** Lower risk than founding, more scope than a large employer, often with equity in place of part of the salary. Evaluate equity as in mba/mba-offer-negotiation section 5.1. | Question | Founding | Search fund | Early-stage hire | |---|---|---|---| | How long can I live on a low or no salary? | [Months] | [Months] | [Months] | | What evidence do I have that I want this work? | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | | Who would back me (investors, co-founder, partner)? | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | | What does failure cost me, and can I recover? | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | | What is my loan repayment plan in this path? | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | | Test I can run in the next 3 months | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | ## 9. Financial plan Debt changes career choices: it can push graduates toward the highest-paying first role even when another option fits the five-year goal better. Seeing the numbers lets you make that trade-off consciously. The worked example uses placeholder figures. Loan programmes, interest rates and repayment plans differ by country and lender and change over time; for US federal loans, check the current rules at [studentaid.gov](https://studentaid.gov) before you rely on them, and take tax questions to a qualified adviser. ### 9.1 Loan payment *(Example)* | Item (rows 2 to 10) | Value (column B) | Excel | |---|---|---| | Loan balance at graduation | USD 120,000 | input | | Annual interest rate (fixed, example) | 8.0% | input | | Term | 10 years (120 months) | input | | Monthly payment | USD 1,455.93 | `=PMT(8%/12,120,-120000)` | | Annual payments | USD 17,471 | `=12*B5` | | Total paid over 10 years | USD 174,712 | `=120*B5` | | Monthly payment on a 7-year term | USD 1,870.35 | `=PMT(8%/12,84,-120000)` | | Total paid over 7 years | USD 157,109 | `=84*B8` | | Interest saved by the shorter term | USD 17,603 | `=B7-B9` | The monthly payment for a fixed-rate loan is $$ PMT = \frac{r\,P}{1-(1+r)^{-n}} $$ where $P$ is the principal, $r$ the monthly rate and $n$ the number of monthly payments. ### 9.2 Five-year cash sketch *(Example)* Assumptions *(Example)*: starting base USD 150,000 growing 6% a year; an effective tax and deductions rate of 30% (placeholder, not a tax estimate); living costs USD 72,000 in year 1 growing 3% a year; the 10-year loan above; savings earn 4% a year. Surplus is take-home pay minus living costs minus loan payments. | Year | Base | Take-home (70%) | Living costs | Loan payments | Surplus | Savings at year end | Loan balance at year end | |---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---| | 1 | 150,000 | 105,000 | 72,000 | 17,471 | 15,529 | 15,529 | 111,834 | | 2 | 159,000 | 111,300 | 74,160 | 17,471 | 19,669 | 35,819 | 102,990 | | 3 | 168,540 | 117,978 | 76,385 | 17,471 | 24,122 | 61,374 | 93,411 | | 4 | 178,652 | 125,057 | 78,676 | 17,471 | 28,909 | 92,738 | 83,038 | | 5 | 189,372 | 132,560 | 81,037 | 17,471 | 34,052 | 130,499 | 71,804 | Excel: base `=150000*1.06^(A2-1)`; savings `=F2` in year 1 and `=G2*1.04+F3` from year 2 (previous year's savings plus interest plus this year's surplus); loan balance `=FV(8%/12,12*A2,1455.93,-120000)`, which returns the remaining balance as a positive number when the payment is entered as positive and the principal as negative. Alternative *(Example)*: if half of each year's surplus is paid off the loan early (in equal monthly amounts), the same loan is repaid in month 60, about five years instead of ten, with the rest of the surplus saved. Whether to prepay, save or invest depends on interest rates, tax, emergency savings and loan terms, so treat this as an illustration of the arithmetic, not a recommendation. ```vega-lite { "$schema": "https://vega.github.io/schema/vega-lite/v5.json", "description": "Savings and remaining loan balance over five years (Example, USD)", "width": 400, "height": 240, "data": { "values": [ {"year": 1, "series": "Savings", "usd": 15529}, {"year": 2, "series": "Savings", "usd": 35819}, {"year": 3, "series": "Savings", "usd": 61374}, {"year": 4, "series": "Savings", "usd": 92738}, {"year": 5, "series": "Savings", "usd": 130499}, {"year": 1, "series": "Loan balance", "usd": 111834}, {"year": 2, "series": "Loan balance", "usd": 102990}, {"year": 3, "series": "Loan balance", "usd": 93411}, {"year": 4, "series": "Loan balance", "usd": 83038}, {"year": 5, "series": "Loan balance", "usd": 71804} ] }, "mark": {"type": "line", "point": true}, "encoding": { "x": {"field": "year", "type": "ordinal", "title": "Year after graduation"}, "y": {"field": "usd", "type": "quantitative", "title": "USD"}, "color": {"field": "series", "type": "nominal", "title": "Series"} } } ``` ### 9.3 Your financial plan | Item | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Year 4 | Year 5 | |---|---|---|---|---|---| | Base salary | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | | Take-home pay (from your own payslip or calculator) | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | | Living costs | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | | Loan payments (mba/mba-loan-repayment-plan) | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | | Surplus | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | | Emergency fund target | [ ] | | | | | | Goal (personal/financial-goals) | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | Questions to answer, with an adviser where needed: How many months of costs would I need to try a lower-paid path (section 8)? Which loan repayment options are available to me, and what are their conditions? What happens to my plan if my income falls by 30% for a year? ## 10. Review routine and signposts Review the plan at 6 and 12 months after you start, then once a year. At each review, answer four questions: what happened, what I learned about what I want, which signposts have been triggered, and what I will change. Kolb's (1984) learning cycle (experience, reflection, conceptualisation, experimentation) is a simple structure for the review. | Review | Date | Signposts triggered | Changes to plan | Reviewed with | |---|---|---|---|---| | 6 months *(Example)* | YYYY-MM-DD | None | Add a people-leadership goal | Mentor | | 12 months | YYYY-MM-DD | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | | Year 2 | YYYY-MM-DD | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | ## 11. Timeline with relative dates | When | Action | |---|---| | G-9 months | Draft sections 1 to 4; read your school's employment report | | G-8 to G-6 months | Compare offers (mba/mba-offer-negotiation); decide on the first role | | G-6 months | If considering founding or a search fund, run a three-month test (section 8) | | G-3 months | Financial plan with real loan terms (section 9) | | G | Finalise plan; alumni network plan (mba/mba-alumni-network-plan) | | Start date | 90-day plan (career/ninety-day-plan) | | Start + 6 months | First review | | Start + 12 months | Annual review with mentor | | Every year | Update skills, network and financial plan | ## 12. Quality checklist - [ ] Five-year goal written concretely, with what would prove it wrong. - [ ] Evidence from the MBA (internship, 360, courses) recorded. - [ ] Data points sourced and dated, with the official reports checked. - [ ] First-role criteria weighted before comparing options. - [ ] Milestones are observable, each with a signpost. - [ ] At most three skills a year, each with feedback. - [ ] Mentor and sponsor named. - [ ] Alternative paths assessed with a test, not only a wish. - [ ] Financial plan uses real loan terms and budget. - [ ] Regulated questions (tax, loans, visas) taken to official sources and qualified advisers. - [ ] Review dates in the calendar. ## 13. Common mistakes 1. **Choosing the first role on salary alone.** The skills and sponsor you gain matter more for the next role. 2. **A five-year goal that is a title, not work.** "VP" says little about what you want to do every day. 3. **Planning without evidence.** Use the internship and feedback you already have. 4. **Treating the plan as fixed.** Signposts exist to tell you when to change. 5. **Neglecting weak ties.** Opportunities often come through acquaintances, not close friends. 6. **No sponsor.** Mentors advise; sponsors argue for you when you are not in the room. 7. **Romanticising entrepreneurship or search funds.** Each has a long, uncertain, low-income phase; plan for it. 8. **Ignoring debt.** Loans narrow choices; make the trade-off consciously in section 9. 9. **Using population data as a prediction.** Survey shares describe candidates in general, not your chances. 10. **Relying on old figures.** Salary and survey numbers change every year; use the latest official reports. 11. **Skipping the review.** A plan reviewed once is a wish. ## Sources and further reading - Super, D. E. (1980). A life-span, life-space approach to career development. *Journal of Vocational Behavior*, 16(3), 282-298. - Ibarra, H. (2003). *Working Identity: Unconventional Strategies for Reinventing Your Career*. Harvard Business School Press. - Granovetter, M. S. (1973). The strength of weak ties. *American Journal of Sociology*, 78(6), 1360-1380. - Kram, K. E. (1985). *Mentoring at Work: Developmental Relationships in Organizational Life*. Scott, Foresman. - Kolb, D. A. (1984). *Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development*. Prentice Hall. - GMAC (2026). Prospective Students Survey report (March 2026) and "5 things business schools need to know about prospective students in 2026" (21 April 2026), [gmac.com](https://www.gmac.com). Checked 2026-10-28. - GMAC (2026). Corporate Recruiters Survey report (June 2026), [gmac.com](https://www.gmac.com). Checked 2026-10-28. - US Department of Education, Federal Student Aid, [studentaid.gov](https://studentaid.gov), for US federal loan rules (check before you rely on them). - Related templates: mba/mba-offer-negotiation, mba/mba-loan-repayment-plan, mba/mba-alumni-network-plan, mba/mba-entrepreneurship-guide, career/ninety-day-plan, personal/financial-goals. ## Revision history | Version | Date | Author | Change | |---|---|---|---| | 0.1 | YYYY-MM-DD | [Name] | First version from template | | [0.2] | YYYY-MM-DD | [Name] | [First role accepted; financial plan with real loan terms] | | [1.0] | YYYY-MM-DD | [Name] | [12-month review] | ## Standard and licence note Structure aligned with career development research (Super 1980; Ibarra 2003), network research (Granovetter 1973), developmental relationships (Kram 1985) and experiential learning (Kolb 1984), with candidate data from GMAC publications checked in October 2026. The text, examples and calculations are original; the companies, people and figures are fictional. The template is not affiliated with or endorsed by any business school, GMAC or any employer. Check the current official reports and loan rules before you rely on any figure. Template licence: MIT.