Markdown Editor

Termbase Template (ISO 704, TBX)

Concept-oriented terminology register: definition rules, usage status, context, source, relations, per-locale equivalents, do-not-translate terms, TBX export

文档与支持完整ISO 704:2022; ISO 30042:2019 (TBX)termbase

使用方法: Use it when writers, engineers and translators need one approved term per concept across UI, docs and locales. Fill the field model and status rules first, then add entries one concept at a time with a real context sentence. The main pitfall is one entry per word instead of per concept, which merges different meanings.

预览

Termbase: [Product, domain or organisation name]

Terminology register for a product, documentation set or organisation. Each entry describes one concept, gives its definition, its terms with usage status (preferred, admitted, deprecated), context, source, related concepts and equivalents in each target locale. Definition and term rules follow the principles of ISO 704:2022 (Terminology work: Principles and methods, 4th edition), written here in original wording, and the register columns map to data categories used by TermBase eXchange (TBX, ISO 30042:2019) so the table can be exported to translation and authoring tools. Replace every [bracketed] value and every row marked Example. Worked examples use Corvid Commerce, a fictional SaaS retailer, and the terms of its checkout and data platform.

Document control

FieldValue
Document ID[TERMBASE-001]
Version[0.1]
Status[Draft / In review / Approved / Superseded]
Owner[@terminologist]
Approvers / reviewers[@docs-lead], [@product-owner], [@l10n-coordinator], [locale reviewers]
Last updatedYYYY-MM-DD
Classification[Internal / Public]
Subject fields[Example: checkout and payments; orders; data platform]
Source language[Example: en-US]
Target locales[Example: de-DE, fr-FR, ja-JP, pt-BR, ar-SA]
Export formats[Example: TBX-Basic, CSV, Vale vocabulary lists]
Next reviewYYYY-MM-DD (and before each localisation batch)
RelatedGlossary (docs/glossary), Localization Brief (docs/localization-brief), Technical Writing Style Guide (docs/style-guide-technical)

Approvals

RoleNameDecisionDate
Terminologist[@name][Approved / Changes requested]YYYY-MM-DD
Documentation lead[@name][Decision]YYYY-MM-DD
Product owner[@name][Decision]YYYY-MM-DD
Localisation coordinator[@name][Decision]YYYY-MM-DD

Revision history

VersionDateAuthorChange summary
0.1YYYY-MM-DD[@name]First draft with core checkout concepts
0.2YYYY-MM-DD[@name]Example: ja-JP and de-DE equivalents added after vendor review
1.0YYYY-MM-DD[@name]Example: Approved; first TBX export sent to vendor

Contents

1. Purpose, scope and users

This termbase records the concepts that [Product name] content depends on and the words used to name them, so that the UI, documentation, support articles, training and translations use the same term for the same thing.

Include a concept when at least one of these is true:

  1. It is specific to the product or domain and readers may not know it.
  2. Teams use more than one word for it, or one word for more than one concept.
  3. Translators have asked about it, or translations of it have differed.
  4. A wrong term would cause a legal, financial or safety misunderstanding.
  5. It is a product, feature or event name that must stay fixed.

Exclude general vocabulary that any dictionary covers with the meaning you intend, and internal code names that never reach users.

UserUses the termbase to
Technical writers and UX writersChoose the preferred term and check definitions
EngineersName UI labels, events and API fields consistently
Translators and reviewersFind approved equivalents and do-not-translate terms
Support and training staffExplain concepts in the same words as the product
Docs platformGenerate the reader glossary and linter vocabularies

2. Roles and entry lifecycle

RoleResponsibility
ProposerAnyone; submits a request with term, context and source (section 11)
TerminologistResearches the concept, drafts the definition, decides status, keeps the model
Subject matter expert (SME)Confirms the concept and definition are technically right
Locale reviewerApproves equivalents for one locale
Product ownerDecides when a term choice affects UI labels or product names

Entry status (above) is about the whole concept entry. Usage status (preferred, admitted, deprecated) is about each term inside an entry and is set in section 6. An approved entry can hold deprecated terms; that is how the termbase tells writers which old words to stop using.

3. Entry model

The termbase is concept-oriented: the entry is the concept, and terms hang below it. Each entry has three levels, which match the TBX structure of a concept entry, language sections and term sections.

LevelHoldsRule
ConceptID, subject field, definition (in the source language), related concepts, image, entry statusOne concept per entry; the definition belongs here
LanguageLocale tag, optional definition in that language, notes on regional useOne section per locale
TermTerm text, part of speech, usage status, term type, context, source, grammatical informationOne row per spelling or variant

A definition written in a target language is a translation of the concept definition; it must not narrow or widen the concept. If a locale genuinely needs a different concept (for example a legal term that only exists in one jurisdiction), create a separate entry and link the two.

4. Field definitions and TBX mapping

ColumnLevelMeaningTBX data categoryRequired
IDConceptStable identifier TERM-NNNN, never reusedConcept entry id attributeYes
Subject fieldConceptDomain the concept belongs to, from a controlled listsubjectFieldYes
DefinitionConcept (source language)Statement that identifies the concept (section 5)definitionYes for approved entries
Related conceptsConceptIDs of broader, narrower or associated conceptscrossReferenceNo
ImageConceptLink to a diagram or screenshot that shows the conceptxGraphic (check your dialect)No
Entry statusConceptProposed, under review, approved, rejected, retiredLocal field (map to a note or a custom category)Yes
LocaleLanguageBCP 47 tagLanguage section xml:langYes
TermTermThe designation exactly as writtentermYes
Part of speechTermNoun, verb, adjective, adverb, proper noun, otherpartOfSpeechYes
Usage statusTermPreferred, admitted, deprecated (section 6)usageStatusYes
Term typeTermFull form, abbreviation, acronym, short form, variant, phrasetermTypeNo
Grammatical genderTermMasculine, feminine, neuter, other (for gendered languages)grammaticalGenderFor de-DE, fr-FR and similar
ContextTermA real sentence that uses the term as intendedcontextYes for preferred terms
SourceTerm or conceptWhere the term, definition or context comes fromsourceYes
NoteAnyUsage advice, history, warningsnoteNo
Product or customer subsetTermProduct line or audience the term is limited tocustomerSubsetNo
PublishConceptWhether the entry appears in the reader glossaryLocal fieldNo

Use the controlled values exactly as listed. The mapping above follows TBX-Basic Version 4 (TerminOrgs, 2025, compliant with ISO 30042:2019), where usage status is <termNote type="usageStatus"> with the values preferred, admitted and deprecated, and term type takes fullForm, acronym, abbreviation, shortForm, variant or phrase. Older TBX-Basic versions and some other dialects encode usage status as administrativeStatus with values such as preferredTerm-admn-sts, admittedTerm-admn-sts and deprecatedTerm-admn-sts. Confirm the picklists for the dialect you export before the first handoff.

5. Definition rules

A definition states what a concept is, so that a reader can tell it apart from related concepts. Write each definition to these rules:

  1. One concept, one definition. If the definition needs "or" to cover two different things, there are two concepts.
  2. Start from the nearest broader concept, then add what makes this one different. "Partial refund: refund of less than the full amount captured for an order" names the broader concept (refund) and the distinguishing characteristic (less than the full amount).
  3. Make it substitutable. The definition should be able to replace the term in a sentence without changing the meaning. That is why it starts with a noun phrase for a noun, not with "A term that" or "When you".
  4. Do not repeat the term or use it in disguise. "Refund: the act of refunding" defines nothing. Also avoid two definitions that point at each other.
  5. Say what it is, not only what it is not. Use a negative only when the absence of a characteristic is what defines the concept.
  6. Keep usage, procedures and examples out of the definition. Put them in the context or note fields.
  7. Use terms that are defined in the termbase or generally known. Link other entries in related concepts instead of explaining them inline.
  8. Write one phrase, not a paragraph. No initial article, no full stop in the definition column, and no more detail than needed to separate the concept from its neighbours.
  9. Match the scope of the product. Define the concept as the product uses it; if the industry meaning differs, say so in the note.
Quality (Example)Definition of "checkout session"
Weak"When the customer checks out" (not a noun phrase, not substitutable)
Weak"A session used for checkout" (repeats the term)
Good"Time-limited server-side record that holds a shopper's cart, address and payment choice until an order is placed or the record expires"

6. Term selection and usage status

When a concept has more than one candidate term, choose the preferred term with these criteria, in this order:

  1. It is already used correctly in the shipped UI, and changing it would confuse users more than it helps.
  2. Its meaning can be inferred from its parts by the intended audience.
  3. It fits the existing pattern of related terms (for example, all payment events use the same noun and verb pattern).
  4. It is short enough for UI labels without becoming an unclear abbreviation.
  5. It translates cleanly; terms built on idioms or wordplay are avoided.
  6. It is inclusive and neutral (no terms such as "whitelist" or "master/slave").
Usage statusMeaningWritersTranslatorsLinters
PreferredThe term to use for this conceptUse itUse the preferred equivalentAccepted
AdmittedAcceptable alternative, for example a standard abbreviation or a form needed for spaceUse only where the preferred term does not fit; note whyUse only if the locale entry allows itAccepted
DeprecatedMust not be used in new or updated contentReplace it when editing a pageNever useRejected (error)

Each entry has exactly one preferred term per locale it covers. A deprecated term always sits in an entry that also has a preferred term, so writers know what to use instead. Some older TBX dialects add a superseded value for terms replaced over time; this termbase records that history in the note field rather than as a fourth status, and TBX-Basic Version 4 has no such value.

7. Terminology register

IDTermPOSUsage statusDefinitionContextSourceRelatedSubject field
TERM-0001 (Example)ordernounPreferredConfirmed request by a shopper to buy one or more items, with agreed prices, delivery details and payment"The order moves to Paid once the payment is captured."Orders API reference, 2026-06TERM-0002, TERM-0003Orders
TERM-0001 (Example)purchasenounDeprecated(see first row)Used in older UI; replace with "order"UI audit 2026-09Orders
TERM-0002 (Example)checkout sessionnounPreferredTime-limited server-side record that holds a shopper's cart, address and payment choice until an order is placed or the record expires"Create a checkout session before redirecting the shopper."Checkout API referenceTERM-0001Checkout and payments
TERM-0002 (Example)check-out sessionnounDeprecated(see first row)Hyphenated form; do not useStyle guide decision 2026-08Checkout and payments
TERM-0003 (Example)partial refundnounPreferredRefund of less than the full amount captured for an order"You can issue several partial refunds until the captured amount is used up."Product spec PRD-REF-12TERM-0004Checkout and payments
TERM-0004 (Example)refundnounPreferredReturn of captured money to the shopper's original payment method"Refunds take up to five business days to appear."Payments policyTERM-0003, TERM-0009Checkout and payments
TERM-0009 (Example)refundverbPreferredTo return captured money to the shopper's original payment method"Refund the order from the Orders page."Payments policyCheckout and payments
TERM-0005 (Example)stock keeping unitnounAdmittedIdentifier a merchant assigns to one sellable variant of a productSpelled out on first use in docsCatalog guideTERM-0001Orders
TERM-0005 (Example)SKUnounPreferred(see first row)"Each size and colour has its own SKU."Catalog guideOrders
TERM-0006 (Example)data productnounPreferredDataset published by a domain team with a named owner, a documented contract and service levels, for use by other teams"The Orders data product is refreshed every hour."Data platform charterTERM-0008Data platform
TERM-0007 (Example)webhooknounPreferredHTTP request that the platform sends to a merchant-configured URL when a subscribed event occurs"Configure a webhook for the refund.created event."Webhooks referenceTERM-0004Checkout and payments
TERM-0007 (Example)callback URLnounDeprecated(see first row)Older docs; means the endpoint, not the requestDocs audit 2026-07Checkout and payments
TERM-0008 (Example)data contractnounPreferredAgreed, versioned description of a dataset's schema, semantics, quality rules and service levels between its producer and consumers"Breaking changes require a new major version of the data contract."Data platform charterTERM-0006Data platform

Note on TERM-0004 and TERM-0009: the action (to refund) and its result (a refund, money returned) are different concepts, so they are two entries linked as associative. Use one entry with several term rows only for designations of the same concept, such as a full form and its acronym.

8. Equivalents per locale

Equivalents name the same concept in a target locale. The definition stays the one agreed in the source language; add a definition in the target language only when reviewers need it, and keep its meaning identical. Each row carries its own usage status, because a preferred source term can have an admitted or deprecated form in a locale.

Concept IDLocaleEquivalentPOSUsage statusNoteReviewerApproved
TERM-0001 (Example)de-DEBestellungnounPreferredFeminine; plural Bestellungen[@de-reviewer]YYYY-MM-DD
TERM-0001 (Example)ja-JP注文nounPreferredUI labels may use 注文 alone; avoid オーダー[@ja-reviewer]YYYY-MM-DD
TERM-0002 (Example)fr-FRsession de paiementnounPreferred"Checkout" is not used as a loanword in French UI[@fr-reviewer]YYYY-MM-DD
TERM-0004 (Example)de-DERückerstattungnounPreferredResult of the action; for the verb see TERM-0009[@de-reviewer]YYYY-MM-DD
TERM-0009 (Example)de-DEerstattenverbPreferredImperative in UI: "Betrag erstatten"[@de-reviewer]YYYY-MM-DD
TERM-0005 (Example)pt-BRSKUnounPreferredKept as acronym; spell out "unidade de manutenção de estoque" on first use only in docs[@pt-reviewer]YYYY-MM-DD
TERM-0007 (Example)ar-SAخطاف الويبnounAdmitted"Webhook" in Latin script is preferred in developer docs; check the locale style guide[@ar-reviewer]YYYY-MM-DD

Rules for equivalents:

  1. Translate the concept, using the definition and context in section 7, not the English word.
  2. Record one preferred equivalent per concept and locale; list other forms as admitted or deprecated rows with a note.
  3. Check every equivalent against the do-not-translate list in section 9 so the two never disagree.
  4. Note grammatical information translators need, such as gender, plural or counters, in the Note column.
  5. Re-review equivalents when the source definition changes; mark them "To review" until the locale reviewer approves again.

9. Do-not-translate terms

These terms keep the same form in every locale. They are exported with part of speech properNoun (for names) or with a note, and the Localization Brief (docs/localization-brief) refers to this section.

IDTermReasonExceptions
TERM-0100 (Example)Corvid CommerceCompany nameja-JP uses the approved katakana form in marketing copy only
TERM-0101 (Example)Orders APIProduct nameNone
TERM-0102 (Example)refund.createdEvent name in codeNone
TERM-0103 (Example)CheckoutProduct name when capitalisedLowercase "checkout" (the process) is translated

10. Concept relations

Concept relations help writers choose between a general and a specific term and help translators see whether two terms are siblings or synonyms. Record three relation types:

RelationMeaningExample
Generic (broader, narrower)One concept is a kind of the otherPartial refund is a kind of refund
Partitive (whole, part)One concept is part of the otherA checkout session is part of the order process
AssociativeConcepts are linked by use, cause or sequenceA refund triggers a webhook

11. Requests and change log

Anyone can request a new term, a new equivalent or a status change. A request includes the proposed term, the concept it names, a real context sentence, a source and the locales affected.

Request IDDateRequested byRequestDecisionReasonEntry
TRQ-001 (Example)YYYY-MM-DDVendor (ja-JP)Translate "webhook" or keep it?Keep in Latin scriptDevelopers search with the English term; consistent with API field namesTERM-0007
TRQ-002 (Example)YYYY-MM-DDDocs teamDeprecate "callback URL"ApprovedAmbiguous between the endpoint and the requestTERM-0007
TRQ-003 (Example)YYYY-MM-DDSupportAdd "chargeback"Under reviewSME confirmation pendingNot yet assigned

Decisions that change a preferred or deprecated term are announced to writers, engineers and the localisation vendor, because they change the linter vocabularies and translation memories.

12. Quality checks

CheckRuleHow
Duplicate conceptsNo two approved entries with equivalent definitionsSort by definition keywords; SME review
Duplicate termsA preferred term appears in only one entry per subject fieldScript over the register
Missing preferred termEach approved entry has one preferred term per locale it coversScript
Orphan deprecated termsEach deprecated term sits beside a preferred termScript
Definition rulesEach definition passes section 5Terminologist review
Context presentEach preferred term has a real context sentenceScript
Source presentEach definition and term has a sourceScript
Broken relationsEvery related concept ID existsScript
Consistency with contentDeprecated terms do not appear in published contentVale reject list (section 13)

13. Export and exchange

Generate every downstream copy from this register; never edit an export by hand.

ConsumerFormatContentFrequency
Translation vendor and CAT toolsTBX (TBX-Basic Version 4)Approved entries, all locales, without internal notesBefore each localisation batch
Spreadsheets and reviewersCSV (UTF-8)One row per term with all columnsOn request
Prose linter (Vale)accept.txt and reject.txtPreferred and admitted terms; deprecated termsOn every change
Reader glossaryMarkdown pageEntries marked "publish", source language and each published localeOn every release
UI string reviewCSV or JSONPreferred UI terms and do-not-translate termsBefore source freeze

Example TBX-Basic Version 4 fragment for TERM-0003 (a valid file wraps it in <tbx type="TBX-Basic" style="dca" xml:lang="en"> with a <tbxHeader>; validate against the schema of the dialect you export):

<conceptEntry id="TERM-0003">
  <descrip type="subjectField">Checkout and payments</descrip>
  <langSec xml:lang="en-US">
    <descrip type="definition">Refund of less than the full amount captured for an order</descrip>
    <termSec>
      <term>partial refund</term>
      <termNote type="partOfSpeech">noun</termNote>
      <termNote type="usageStatus">preferred</termNote>
      <descrip type="context">You can issue several partial refunds until the captured amount is used up.</descrip>
    </termSec>
  </langSec>
  <langSec xml:lang="de-DE">
    <termSec>
      <term>Teilerstattung</term>
      <termNote type="partOfSpeech">noun</termNote>
      <termNote type="grammaticalGender">feminine</termNote>
      <termNote type="usageStatus">preferred</termNote>
    </termSec>
  </langSec>
</conceptEntry>

CSV export columns, in order: id, subject_field, definition, locale, term, part_of_speech, usage_status, term_type, grammatical_gender, context, source, related, note, publish. Quote every field, keep line breaks out of cells, and save as UTF-8 so CJK and Arabic terms survive.

For the Vale vocabulary, the export writes preferred and admitted source-language terms to accept.txt and deprecated terms to reject.txt, as described in the Docs Contribution Guide (docs/docs-contribution-guide). Terms that need case-insensitive matching are exported with the (?i) prefix.

14. Glossary and references

TermMeaning in this document
ConceptA unit of thought that a term names; the subject of one entry
TermA word or phrase that names a concept in a given language
DefinitionStatement that identifies a concept and separates it from related concepts
Concept-orientedOrganised by concept, with all terms and languages for that concept in one entry
Usage statusWhether a term is preferred, admitted or deprecated
EquivalentA term in another language that names the same concept
TBXTermBase eXchange, the XML format for exchanging terminology (ISO 30042)
Data categoryA named type of information in a terminology entry, such as definition or part of speech
ReferenceUse
ISO 704:2022, Terminology work: Principles and methods, 4th edition, July 2022Principles behind the definition and term selection rules (sections 5, 6), in original wording
ISO 30042:2019, Management of terminology resources: TermBase eXchange (TBX) (a revision is in development)Entry structure and data category names (sections 3, 4, 13)
TBX information site, tbxinfo.netDialect schemas (TBX-Core, TBX-Basic, TBX-Min) and data category lists
TBX-Basic Version 4 (TerminOrgs, 2025), terminorgs.netUsage status, term type and part of speech values (sections 4, 9, 13)
BCP 47 (RFC 5646, Tags for Identifying Languages, with RFC 4647)Locale tags
Glossary (docs/glossary)Reader-facing list generated from this termbase
Localization Brief (docs/localization-brief)How the termbase is sent to translators
Docs Contribution Guide (docs/docs-contribution-guide)Vale vocabulary use
Technical Writing Style Guide (docs/style-guide-technical)Word list and style rules beyond terminology
Documentation Plan (docs/documentation-plan)Where terminology work fits in the documentation schedule

Standard and licence note

Structure aligned with ISO 704:2022 (principles and methods of terminology work) and ISO 30042:2019 (TermBase eXchange), which are copyrighted by ISO. The definition and term selection rules are original wording written for this template after the general principles of ISO 704; no text, table or definition from the standard is reproduced. TBX element and data category names are cited only so that the register can be exported; check the data category list and schema for your dialect at tbxinfo.net, and the current editions at iso.org, because a revision of ISO 30042 is in development. Corvid Commerce and every example entry are fictional. Original text written for this collection. Template licence: MIT.

相关模板