Distributed Systems Foundations Kit

Reference latency and unit tables, assumptions register, QPS, storage, bandwidth, cache, server and cost formulas, worked example, sensitivity, traceability

UUIDv4 and v7 per RFC 9562, Snowflake 41/10/12 layout, clock skew and backwards clocks, leased worker IDs, index locality, 53-bit JS limit, ticket servers

Failure model, deadlines, retries with jitter and budgets, circuit breakers, bulkheads, backpressure, criticality-based shedding, degradation, fault tests

Consistent hashing, vnodes, quorums (R+W>N), vector clocks vs LWW, hinted handoff, Merkle anti-entropy, gossip, LSM compaction, cache eviction, hot keys

Distributed cache: cache-aside, delete on write, leases against herds, commit-log invalidation across regions, slot maps, hot keys, gutter pool, warm-up

Lock and coordination service: Raft consensus, read index, sessions and keep-alives, leader election, fencing tokens, watches, read scaling, misuse policy

Partitions, log segments, retention, acks and idempotence, consumer groups, offsets, delivery semantics, ordering, ISR replication, backpressure, DLQ, schemas

Stream processing engine: event time, watermarks, windows and triggers, late data, keyed state, barrier checkpoints, exactly-once sinks, backpressure, rescaling

CDC pipeline: log-based capture, watermark chunked snapshot, per-key order, schema evolution, outbox, search, cache and warehouse sinks, replay

Durable workflow engine design: event history and replay, deterministic code, activities, timers, task queues, retries, versioning, visibility, history sharding